Nokea
Advocacy and support are activities associated with which learning style?
- A. Cognitive
- B. Cultural
- C. Psychomotor
- D. Affective
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The affective learner learns best when presented with information that appeals to feelings, beliefs, and values. Cognitive learners process information best by listening to or reading facts and descriptions. The psychomotor learner prefers to learn by doing. There is no learning style classified as cultural.
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The nurse cares for multiple ethnic populations. Which of the following examples best demonstrates a facility adhering to The Joint Commission requirements that healthcare workers facilitate communication with all clients?
- A. The facility requires a family member of a client who does not speak the dominant language be present to discuss healthcare issues with a health care provider and member of social service.
- B. Language dictionaries are placed in the facility library with open access for staff.
- C. The facility requests bilingual staff and community members to voluntarily provide contact information for interpreter services.
- D. The facility subscribes to an online interpreting service.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is a requirement of The Joint Commission that agencies develop a system to provide aids and services to any client with literacy needs and also to provide language interpreting and translation services. The best way to demonstrate this requirement is by reaching out to staff and community members to provide personal interpreting services. It is not appropriate to require a family member, if available, to be present. The other options may be helpful in communicating with clients, but personal services are optimal.
The nurse is instructing a client in a crowded semiprivate room. The nurse approaches and moves equipment to allow for a comfortable conversation. At which distance should the nurse stand?
- A. Within 1 feet
- B. 2 to 3 feet
- C. At least 5 feet
- D. Over 6 feet
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Proxemics refers to the use of space when communicating. Most Americans feel comfortable when individuals are 2 to 3 feet away.
The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with a cerebral vascular accident and displays expressive aphasia. In which manner does the nurse best promote communication?
- A. Ask the client open-ended questions and allow time for a response.
- B. Give the client a tablet and pencil to use.
- C. Provide the client with a speaking valve.
- D. Use a picture board with common responses.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For clients with aphasia, it is most helpful to have a picture board with responses to convey meaning. This decreases some frustration and allows the client to have some control over care. Asking a client with expressive aphasia open-ended questions is not the best option because the client is unable to give lengthy responses. Depending on the client's degree of aphasia, closed-ended questions may be appropriate. A speaking valve is useful for a client who has a tracheostomy or one who has had laryngectomy.
The nurse enters the client's room and assesses that the client's affect appears sad. The client is sitting near the window, staring into the distance with a tear in the eye. The nurse approaches and places a hand on the client's shoulder asking for the client's thoughts. What type of emotion is the nurse projecting?
- A. Sympathy
- B. Empathy
- C. Ambivalence
- D. Pity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse is projecting empathy. Empathy is an intuitive awareness of what the client is experiencing. Nurses perceive the client's emotional state and provide support. Sympathy is the projection of understanding the way one may feel, many times by having gone through the experience as well. Ambivalence projects conflicting feelings and uncertainty. Pity projects a feeling of sorrow.
The nurse is providing therapeutic communication while changing a client's linen. The client states, 'Every time I urinate, I still feel the need to urinate again. This is so disappointing.' The nurse states, 'You don't feel that you are emptying your bladder.' Which communication technique has the nurse used?
- A. Open-ended questioning
- B. Paraphrasing
- C. Reflecting
- D. Broad opening
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Paraphrasing restates what the client is saying to demonstrate listening. This communication technique also allows the client to offer further information on the subject. Open-ended questioning provides an open-ended question for the client to provide further information. Reflecting states the content back to the client and confirms that the nurse is following the conversation. A broad opening starts the interaction and relieves tension before addressing other issues.