Nutrition For PN Nursing ATI

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After absorption, the end products of carbohydrate and protein digestion enter the:

  • A. enterohepatic circulation.
  • B. gastrointestinal circulation.
  • C. common bile duct.
  • D. portal blood system.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: portal blood system. After absorption, carbohydrates and proteins are transported via the portal blood system to the liver for further processing and distribution to the rest of the body. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Enterohepatic circulation refers to the recycling of compounds between the liver and the intestines, not the direct route for absorbed nutrients. Gastrointestinal circulation is a vague and non-specific term, not specifically related to the transport of absorbed nutrients. The common bile duct is involved in transporting bile from the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine, not the end products of carbohydrate and protein digestion.

You may also like to solve these questions

What are the small, fingerlike projections into the intestinal lumen called?

  • A. Villi
  • B. Goblets
  • C. Lacteals
  • D. Polyps
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Villi. Villi are small fingerlike projections in the intestine that increase the surface area for nutrient absorption. Goblets (choice B) are mucus-secreting cells in the intestines. Lacteals (choice C) are lymphatic vessels in the small intestine that absorb dietary fats. Polyps (choice D) are abnormal tissue growths.

Which of the following is a source of complete protein?

  • A. Cereal grains.
  • B. Beans.
  • C. Nuts.
  • D. Eggs.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Mucus is produced by the salivary glands and the:

  • A. intestinal glands.
  • B. esophageal glands.
  • C. pineal gland.
  • D. islets of Langerhans.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Mucus is produced by the salivary glands to moisten food and aid in swallowing. Additionally, the intestinal glands secrete mucus to protect the lining of the intestines. The other choices, esophageal glands, pineal gland, and islets of Langerhans, are not involved in the production of mucus in the digestive system.

Cholecystokinin (CCK) is produced in the:

  • A. duodenum.
  • B. stomach.
  • C. pancreas.
  • D. liver.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Cholecystokinin (CCK) is produced in the duodenum, not the stomach, pancreas, or liver. It is released in response to the presence of food in the duodenum, where it plays a crucial role in regulating digestive processes by stimulating the release of bile from the gallbladder and enzymes from the pancreas. Therefore, the correct answer is the duodenum (Choice A). Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because CCK is not produced in the stomach, pancreas, or liver.

In addition to active transport, which process is involved in absorbing food in the small intestine?

  • A. pinocytosis
  • B. excretion
  • C. phagocytosis
  • D. electrochemical diffusion
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is pinocytosis. Pinocytosis is a process where cells in the small intestine absorb nutrients by engulfing them. This process is different from phagocytosis, which involves engulfing large particles, and excretion, which is the removal of waste products. Electrochemical diffusion is not directly involved in the absorption of food in the small intestine.

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