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After birth, the pressure in the pulmonary artery decreases greatly. What is the cause of this?
- A. Systemic arterial pressure increases
- B. Ductus arteriosus closes
- C. Left ventricular pressure increases
- D. Pulmonary vascular resistance decreases
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pulmonary vascular resistance decreases. After birth, the lungs expand and start functioning, leading to increased oxygen levels, which causes the pulmonary vascular resistance to decrease. This allows blood flow to the lungs and decreases pressure in the pulmonary artery.
A: Systemic arterial pressure increasing does not directly affect the pressure in the pulmonary artery.
B: Ductus arteriosus closing is part of the normal postnatal changes but does not directly cause the decrease in pulmonary artery pressure.
C: Left ventricular pressure increasing is a consequence of the closure of the ductus arteriosus but does not explain the decrease in pulmonary artery pressure.
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A client is learning how to maintain optimum bladder function. Which of the following strategies identifies the method of pressing on the bladder while seated on the toilet?
- A. Valsalva maneuver
- B. Kegel maneuver
- C. Pelvic floor maneuver
- D. Crede's maneuver
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Crede's maneuver involves applying manual pressure to the bladder to aid in voiding.
The main function of progesterone in the menstrual cycle is to CHAPTER 4: REPRODUCTION COMPILED BY: ZAIDI YAACOB UNAUTORIED DUPLICATION IS PROBIHITED, FOR THE CIRCULATION OF BIO095 STUDENTS ONLY
- A. stimulate development of corpus luteum .
- B. stimulate development of the follicl
- C. maintain endometrium lining.
- D. trigger ovulation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because progesterone's main function in the menstrual cycle is to maintain the endometrium lining. Progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum after ovulation, and it helps prepare the endometrium for implantation of a fertilized egg. This hormone ensures that the endometrium is thick and ready to support a potential pregnancy.
Choice A is incorrect because progesterone is not responsible for stimulating the development of the corpus luteum; instead, it is produced by the corpus luteum itself.
Choice B is incorrect because progesterone does not stimulate the development of the follicle. The follicle is primarily influenced by estrogen during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.
Choice D is incorrect because ovulation is triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), not progesterone. LH surge causes the release of the egg from the follicle.
Which hormone triggers ovulation?
- A. GnRH
- B. LH
- C. FSH
- D. Estrogen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: LH (Luteinizing Hormone) triggers ovulation. Firstly, LH surge stimulates the release of the mature egg from the ovary. Secondly, it plays a crucial role in the development of the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone to prepare the uterus for potential implantation. GnRH (Choice A) is the hormone that stimulates the release of LH and FSH (Choice C) from the pituitary gland, but it does not directly trigger ovulation. Estrogen (Choice D) is involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle and prepares the uterine lining for implantation but does not directly trigger ovulation.
Miss Tucker, aged 27, had a cervical conization for cancer in situ. She is to be married in 4 months and the couple both want children, but she has been advised to have an immediate hysterectomy. In discussing the situation with the patient the nurse should
- A. encourage her to have the hysterectomy
- B. suggest she obtain a second medical opinion
- C. suggest that she restrict sexual activity indefinitely
- D. stress the importance of repeat examinations at 3- to 6-month intervals
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Obtaining a second opinion allows for informed decision-making regarding treatment options.
A client is concerned about her irregular menstrual periods since she has increased her daily workouts at the gym to 2 hours each day. What is the nurses best response?
- A. Do you want to talk about the need for that much exercise?
- B. Exercise is healthy but can decrease body fat and cause irregular periods. Test Bank - Medical-Surgical Nursing: Concepts for Interprofessional Collaborative Care 9e 588
- C. Bingeing and purging can cause electrolyte problems in your body.
- D. Anorexic behavior can result in decreased estrogen levels.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Increasing exercise intensity can lead to decreased body fat percentage, impacting hormonal balance and causing irregular periods. This is known as athletic amenorrhea. Choice A is incorrect as it does not address the physiological impact of excessive exercise on menstrual cycles. Choices C and D are also incorrect as they refer to eating disorder behaviors, which are not directly related to the client's concern of irregular periods due to increased exercise.