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After finding the patient with diabetes eating candy, the nurse reminds the patient that the candy will elevate blood sugar levels. The patient's response is: 'It's only a little bit, and it won't do anything.' Which defense mechanism is the patient using?
- A. Conversion
- B. Denial
- C. Repression
- D. Regression
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient is using denial as a defense mechanism. Reality is denied.
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The patient complains to the nurse that the health care provider does not like him and wants him to fail at following the diet prescribed. The nurse recognizes that the patient is using which defense mechanism?
- A. Conversion
- B. Projection
- C. Introjection
- D. Repression
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Projection is attributing to other's characteristics that the person does not want to acknowledge.
Which theorist believed that personality development was based on task mastery?
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Erik Erikson
- C. Jean Piaget
- D. Friedrich Nietzsche
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Erik Erikson provided a framework for understanding personality development in terms of task mastery. Sigmund Freud described personality development as having three parts: id, ego, and superego. Jean Piaget theorized that development was based on how humans acquire and utilize knowledge. Friedrich Nietzsche's theories had more to do with morality than personality development.
How should the nurse document the behavior of a patient with mental illness?
- A. Very disruptive to a person in society
- B. Differing from socially acceptable behavior
- C. Causing the person to be involved in problems
- D. Resulting from an inability to exercise control
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mental illness can cause behavior that deviates from socially and culturally acceptable behavior.
A nurse tearfully confides to the head nurse that being assigned to care for eight patients is stressful and overwhelming. What demonstrates the use of a healthy coping mechanism?
- A. Writing down long lists of needed interventions before starting the day's work
- B. Delegating appropriate care assignments to unlicensed assistive personnel
- C. Asking a coworker to take one of her patients
- D. Asking for the day off
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The use of delegation is an effective coping mechanism. The other options are not healthy as they either delay or avoid dealing with the stress.
When was psychiatric training for nurses initially offered?
- A. 1852
- B. 1882
- C. 1902
- D. 1922
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In 1882, McLean Hospital in Waverly, Massachusetts, provided the first psychiatric training school for nurses.