Nokea
After scheduling a patient with a possible ovarian cyst for ultrasound, the nurse will teach the patient that she should
- A. expect to receive IV contrast during the procedure
- B. drink several glasses of fluids before the procedure
- C. experience mild abdominal cramps after the procedure
- D. discontinue taking aspirin for 7 days before the procedure.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: experience mild abdominal cramps after the procedure. This is because ultrasound imaging for ovarian cysts is non-invasive and does not involve the use of IV contrast or require the patient to drink fluids before the procedure. The patient may experience mild abdominal cramps due to the pressure applied during the ultrasound, but this is temporary and not a cause for concern. Discontinuing aspirin is not necessary for an ultrasound procedure.
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Ovulation occurs as a result of a surge of what hormone
- A. inhibin
- B. follicle stimulating hormone
- C. luteinising hormone
- D. progesterone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: luteinising hormone (LH). Ovulation is triggered by a surge of LH from the anterior pituitary gland, which causes the mature follicle to rupture and release the egg. Inhibin (A) inhibits FSH secretion, FSH (B) stimulates follicle development, and progesterone (D) is produced after ovulation to support the uterine lining. Therefore, the surge of LH is the key hormone that directly triggers ovulation.
A drug is given that affects the initial phases of spermatogenesis to aid in a patient’s infertility complaints. How much time would it take for the effects of this drug to be seen?
- A. 4.6 days
- B. 16 days
- C. 22 days
- D. 86 days
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D (86 days) because spermatogenesis is a process that takes around 74 days from the initial division of spermatogonia to the release of mature spermatozoa. The drug affecting the initial phases of spermatogenesis would take at least one full cycle of spermatogenesis to show its effects, which is around 74 days. Therefore, it would take approximately 86 days for the effects of the drug to be seen.
Choice A (4.6 days) is too short for spermatogenesis to complete, so the effects of the drug would not be observable in this time frame. Choice B (16 days) and Choice C (22 days) are also insufficient for a full cycle of spermatogenesis to occur, hence the effects of the drug would not be evident within these durations.
Which of the following suggestions should a nurse give a client with a prostate cancer to deal with his impotency?
- A. Abstain from any sexual activity.
- B. Demonstrate sexual feelings in ways other than intercourse.
- C. Practice sexual intercourse at least two to three times daily until successful.
- D. Perform pelvic floor retraining exercises.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Exploring alternative ways to express intimacy can help cope with impotence.
In the following figure, which lines most likely reflect the responses in a patient with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
- A. A and C
- B. A and D
- C. B and C
- D. B and D
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, the kidney tubules are unable to respond to antidiuretic hormone (ADH). This results in the inability to concentrate urine, leading to excessive dilute urine output. Lines A and D in the figure represent a high urine output (polyuria) and low urine osmolality, which are characteristic of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Choice A (A and C) is incorrect because line C does not show low urine osmolality. Choice C (B and C) is incorrect because line B does not show high urine output. Choice D (B and D) is incorrect because line D does not show low urine osmolality.
Mrs. Smith balks at the idea of looking at her incision. It would be most appropriate to
- A. insist that she look at the incision
- B. document her refusal in the chart
- C. respect her feelings
- D. arrange for a psychiatric consultation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respecting her feelings acknowledges her emotional state and promotes trust.