Nokea
After teaching the parents of an infant with clubfoot about the condition and its management, which of the following statements by a parent indicates a need for additional teaching?
- A. My child will need several casts over a period of weeks to months.'
- B. Surgery may be needed if casting does not fully correct the foot.'
- C. The cast should be kept clean and dry at all times.'
- D. I should adjust the cast if it seems too tight.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parents should not adjust the cast themselves, as this could disrupt treatment; they should contact a healthcare provider if the cast seems too tight.
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Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a child with iron deficiency anemia to increase iron absorption?
- A. Administer iron supplements with milk.
- B. Take iron supplements between meals.
- C. Avoid eating green leafy vegetables.
- D. Limit intake of citrus fruits.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Taking iron supplements between meals enhances absorption, as food, especially milk, can interfere. Citrus fruits and leafy greens support absorption.
A client's diagnosis of cystic fibrosis was made 13 years ago, and he has since been hospitalized several times. On the latest admission, the client has labored respirations, fatigue, malnutrition, and failure to thrive. Which nursing actions are most important initially?
- A. Placing the client on bed rest and ordering a blood gas analysis.
- B. Ordering a high-calorie, high-protein, low-fat, vitamin-enriched diet and pancreatic granules.
- C. Applying an oximeter and initiating respiratory therapy.
- D. Inserting an I.V. line and initiating antibiotic therapy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Applying an oximeter to assess oxygen saturation and initiating respiratory therapy are critical initial actions to address labored respirations and support respiratory function in a cystic fibrosis patient with acute symptoms.
The nurse assesses the child with chronic renal failure who is receiving peritoneal dialysis for edema. Which finding is expected for this child?
- A. Absence of pulmonary crackles.
- B. Increased dialysate outflow.
- C. Normal blood pressure.
- D. Pallor.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pallor is common in chronic conditions.
A child diagnosed with Wilms' tumor undergoes successful surgery for removal of the diseased kidney. When the child returns to the room, the nurse should place the child in which position?
- A. Modified Trendelenburg.
- B. Sims'.
- C. Semi-Fowler's.
- D. Supine.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Semi-Fowler's aids breathing.
A nurse is teaching a child with a food allergy about safe eating. Which instruction is most important?
- A. Eat only home-cooked meals.
- B. Read food labels carefully.
- C. Avoid all fruits.
- D. Use herbal supplements.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reading food labels prevents accidental allergen exposure. Home cooking helps but isn't always feasible, fruits are safe unless allergenic, and supplements are irrelevant.