Nokea
AH are prodrugs except
- A. Enalapril
- B. Paracetamol
- C. Sulphamethoxazole
- D. Trimethoprim
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Enalapril is a prodrug; paracetamol, sulphamethoxazole, and trimethoprim are active drugs.
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Ray has been diagnosed with hypertension and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor is determined to be needed. Prior to prescribing this drug, the NP should assess for:
- A. Hypokalemia
- B. Impotence
- C. Decreased renal function
- D. Inability to concentrate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ACE inhibitors can worsen renal function, necessitating baseline assessment.
Which statement is correct regarding glucagon:
- A. Causes hypoglicemia
- B. Causes hyperglicemia
- C. Haven't affect blood glucose level in blood
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glucagon causes hyperglycemia by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver.
Which of the following inhibit production of triiodethyronine (T4) from tetraiodethyronine (T3)?
- A. Iodides
- B. Thiocyanate
- C. Perchlorate
- D. Amiodarone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Amiodarone inhibits the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3, reducing active thyroid hormone levels.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of using oral drugs
- A. First pass effect
- B. Low bioavailability
- C. Overdose overcome by antidotes
- D. A and B
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oral drugs face the first-pass effect and often have lower bioavailability due to liver metabolism, making D (A and B) the correct combined disadvantage.
Angina is caused by:
- A. Blocking beta1 receptors with a constant binding of noradrenaline
- B. Activating beta2 receptors
- C. Beta1 receptors are not active anymore
- D. Extreme binding of noradrenaline due to up regulation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Angina results from myocardial ischemia, often due to excessive demand or reduced supply, which can be exacerbated by upregulated noradrenaline binding increasing heart workload.