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Alaska Natives experience higher levels of violence, poverty, and drug and alcohol use, and fewer resources. How can the nurse help these patients?
- A. Tell the patient to stop using substances.
- B. Provide resources that are specific for this population.
- C. Tell the patient to call the police.
- D. Report the abuse to the social worker.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because providing resources specific to Alaska Natives addresses the unique challenges they face. This can include culturally sensitive support services, mental health resources, and community programs. Choice A is incorrect as simply telling the patient to stop using substances is not addressing the underlying issues. Choice C is inappropriate as telling the patient to call the police may not be safe or effective in all situations. Choice D is also incorrect as reporting abuse to a social worker may be necessary but does not directly address the patient's immediate needs for support and resources.
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The nurse is assessing a client with a suspected diagnosis of abruptio placentae. Which finding is most indicative of this condition?
- A. Soft abdomen.
- B. Uterine tenderness and rigidity.
- C. Bright red, painless vaginal bleeding.
- D. Decreased fetal movements.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Uterine tenderness and rigidity. This finding is most indicative of abruptio placentae, which is the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall. Uterine tenderness and rigidity are classic signs due to the internal bleeding and blood accumulating between the placenta and uterine wall. This results in a tense and tender uterus.
A: Soft abdomen is incorrect as abruptio placentae typically presents with a firm, board-like abdomen due to uterine rigidity.
C: Bright red, painless vaginal bleeding is incorrect as abruptio placentae typically presents with dark red, painful vaginal bleeding.
D: Decreased fetal movements are incorrect as fetal distress can occur with abruptio placentae, but uterine tenderness and rigidity are more specific indicators of this condition.
What must instructions for use of nonoxynol-9 spermicide include?
- A. Nononxynol-9 used with barrier methods increases their efficacy.
- B. When spermicide is used with condoms, it will further decrease the risk of STIs.
- C. Remove excess spermicide from the vagina within 6 hours to reduce vaginal irritation.
- D. Place the spermicide close to the opening of the vagina for maximal effectiveness.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer, C, states that excess spermicide should be removed from the vagina within 6 hours to reduce vaginal irritation. This is important as leaving excess spermicide can lead to discomfort and irritation. It is a crucial instruction to ensure the user's comfort and safety.
Choice A is incorrect as nonoxynol-9 does not necessarily increase efficacy when used with barrier methods.
Choice B is incorrect because while using spermicide with condoms can reduce the risk of STIs, the statement does not specifically address the instructions for use.
Choice D is incorrect as placing the spermicide close to the vagina's opening does not guarantee maximal effectiveness and is not a critical instruction for safe use.
A nurse is teaching a prenatal class about immunizations that newborns receive following birth. Which of the following immunizations should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Hepatitis B
- B. Rotavirus
- C. Pneumococcal
- D. Varicella
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hepatitis B. Newborns typically receive the Hepatitis B vaccine shortly after birth to provide protection against the virus. This is important because newborns are at risk of contracting Hepatitis B from infected mothers during childbirth. The vaccine helps prevent chronic liver infections and liver cancer later in life.
Why other choices are incorrect:
B: Rotavirus - Rotavirus vaccine is typically given to infants starting at 2 months of age, not immediately after birth.
C: Pneumococcal - Pneumococcal vaccines are usually given later in infancy, not right after birth.
D: Varicella - Varicella vaccine is typically given around 12-15 months of age, not immediately after birth.
A nurse is reviewing signs of effective breathing with a client who is 5 days postpartum. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. "You should feel a tugging sensation when the baby is sucking.
- B. You should expect your baby to have two to three wet diapers in 24hour period
- C. "Your baby's urine should appear dark and concentrated".
- D. "Your breast should stay firm after the baby breastfeeds".
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: Choice B is correct because a newborn should have at least 6-8 wet diapers in a 24-hour period, indicating adequate hydration and effective breastfeeding. This frequency of wet diapers is a sign of adequate milk intake and hydration for the baby, which is crucial for their growth and development. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because feeling a tugging sensation, dark and concentrated urine, and firm breasts are not indicators of effective breathing or breastfeeding in a newborn.
The nurse encourages the patient to begin taking folate prior to trying to conceive. Why would the nurse encourage folate intake?
- A. Taking folate increases the chances of conceiving.
- B. Folate helps prevent neural tube defects.
- C. The nurse is preparing the patient to take vitamins during pregnancy.
- D. Folate decreases miscarriage.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Folate helps prevent neural tube defects. Folate is crucial for fetal development, particularly in preventing neural tube defects like spina bifida. It should be taken before conception to ensure adequate levels early in pregnancy. A: Taking folate does not directly increase the chances of conceiving. C: The nurse is not preparing the patient to take vitamins during pregnancy, but to prevent birth defects. D: Folate may reduce the risk of certain pregnancy complications but does not directly decrease miscarriage rates.