Nokea
All of the following can cause tachycardia except:
- A. Fever
- B. Exercise
- C. Sympathetic nervous system stimulation
- D. Parasympathetic nervous system stimulation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parasympathetic stimulation slows heart rate; others increase it.
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A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed long-term oxygen therapy. What is the most important nursing consideration for this client?
- A. Assessing for signs of oxygen toxicity
- B. Monitoring the client's carbon dioxide levels
- C. Promoting proper humidification of oxygen
- D. Ensuring an adequate supply of oxygen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring carbon dioxide levels (B) is critical in COPD clients on long-term oxygen therapy, as they may retain CO2, risking respiratory acidosis if oxygen suppresses their hypoxic drive (target SpO2 88-92%). Oxygen toxicity (A) is rare at low flows used in COPD. Humidification (C) enhances comfort but isn't the priority. Oxygen supply (D) is a general need, not COPD-specific. CO2 monitoring via ABGs or capnography ensures safe titration, preventing hypercapnia, a key consideration per COPD management guidelines like GOLD standards.
Which of the following is an example of relaxation technique?
- A. Guided imagery
- B. Distraction
- C. TENS
- D. Acupuncture
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Guided imagery (A) is a relaxation technique, calming via imagined scenes, per pain management categories. Distraction (B) diverts attention, TENS (C) uses electrical stimulation, acupuncture (D) needles none primarily relax. A reduces tension and stress, fitting relaxation's goal, making it the correct example.
A nurse identifies ways he/she can improve performance. He/she reflects on his nursing experiences. This is an example of the core critical thinking skill:
- A. Self-regulation
- B. Analysis
- C. Inference
- D. Explanation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Self-regulation in critical thinking involves monitoring and improving one's performance through reflection on experiences, identifying strengths and weaknesses. A nurse reflecting on past care to enhance future practice exemplifies this e.g., adjusting communication after a patient misunderstanding. Analysis breaks down data (e.g., lab results), not necessarily reflecting on personal performance. Inference draws conclusions from evidence (e.g., diagnosing from symptoms), not self-improvement. Explanation justifies actions (e.g., why a drug was given), not introspective growth. Self-regulation's focus on self-assessment and correction aligns with the nurse's reflective process, fostering continuous professional development, a vital skill in nursing for adapting to challenges and ensuring high-quality, patient-centered care over time.
A community health nurse is assessing client's urine using the Acetic Acid solution. Which of the following, if done by a nurse, indicates lack of correct knowledge with the procedure?
- A. The nurse added the Urine as the 2/3 part of the solution
- B. The nurse heats the test tube after adding 1/3 part acetic acid
- C. The nurse heats the test tube after adding 2/3 part of Urine
- D. The nurse determines abnormal result if she noticed that the test tube becomes cloudy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acetic acid tests protein cloudiness not glucose; heating only acid (no urine) is wrong. Urine (2/3), heating with urine, cloudiness (protein) are correct. Nurses need correction e.g., purpose for accuracy, per procedure.
Which psychological effect is commonly observed in patients experiencing immobility?
- A. Increased motivation
- B. Decreased risk of depression
- C. Increased sense of independence
- D. Increased risk of anxiety and depression
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Immobility often increases anxiety and depression risk, as patients face mobility loss, dependence, and isolation, fostering psychological distress. Motivation and independence typically wane with restricted activity, while depression risk rises, not falls, due to these constraints. Nurses address this through emotional support and engagement, understanding that mental health declines when physical freedom is curtailed. This effect highlights the need for holistic care, blending physical interventions with psychological support to mitigate the emotional toll of immobility on patients.