All of the following characteristics would indicate to the nurse that an elder client might experience undesirable effects of medicines except:
- A. Increased oxidative enzyme levels
- B. Alcohol taken with medication
- C. Medications containing magnesium
- D. Decreased serum albumin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oxidative enzyme levels decrease with age, not increase, affecting drug metabolism.
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Which of the tractions is used to treat fractures of the humerus?
- A. Bryant's traction
- B. Overhead suspension traction
- C. Thomas splint traction
- D. 90-90 traction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Humerus fractures require specific traction. Bryant's traction (choice A) treats femoral fractures in children. Overhead suspension traction (choice B) stabilizes humeral fractures, aligning via arm suspension. Thomas splint (choice C) is for femur fractures. 90-90 traction (choice D) suits femoral shaft issues. B is correct, standard for humerus. Nurses apply it, check alignment, and prevent skin breakdown, aiding healing.
A client with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus is being taught by a nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You can still eat sugar, but you must count it in your carbohydrate count for the day.
- B. You need to avoid all forms of sugar to keep your blood glucose levels under control.
- C. You can eat unlimited amounts of proteins and fats since they do not affect blood glucose levels.
- D. You will need to take an oral hypoglycemic agent every day to manage your blood glucose levels.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct statement to include in teaching a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is that they can still eat sugar, but they must count it in their carbohydrate intake for the day. This is important because clients with type 1 diabetes need to manage their blood glucose levels by calculating their carbohydrate intake, including sugars. Choice B is incorrect because total avoidance of sugar is not necessary, but monitoring and including it in the carbohydrate count is essential. Choice C is incorrect as proteins and fats can also affect blood glucose levels and should be consumed in moderation. Choice D is incorrect since oral hypoglycemic agents are not used in type 1 diabetes mellitus, as insulin replacement therapy is the mainstay of treatment.
A nurse is caring for a client receiving high-flow oxygen therapy via a noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) device. What is an important nursing intervention for this client?
- A. Assessing the client's oxygen saturation every 4 hours
- B. Monitoring the client's respiratory rate every 15 minutes
- C. Providing frequent oral care to prevent dry mouth
- D. Administering oxygen at a flow rate of 1-2 L/min
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Providing frequent oral care (C) is key with NPPV (e.g., CPAP/BiPAP), as high-flow air dries the mouth, risking sores or discomfort. Q4h SpO2 (A) isn't specific to NPPV. Q15min RR (B) is excessive. 1-2 L/min (D) doesn't apply to NPPV. Oral care enhances comfort, per critical care standards, vital for compliance.
When reading an autopsy report, the nurse encounters the term 'midsagittal plane.' This nurse understands that this means the body was viewed using a plane that matched which of the following descriptions?
- A. This plane cuts the body horizontally.
- B. This plane divides the body into front and back portions.
- C. The body is separated into left and right equal portions.
- D. The body is divided using an X across the chest.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Midsagittal plane splits the body into equal left-right halves, unlike horizontal, front-back, or X divisions. Nurses use this in anatomical understanding.
Which of the following is the nurse's role in the health promotion
- A. Health risk appraisal
- B. Teach client to be effective health consumer
- C. Worksite wellness
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Teaching clients to manage their health effectively is a key nursing role in promotion.