LPN Fundamentals Practice Questions

LPN Fundamentals Practice Questions Related

Review LPN Fundamentals Practice Questions related questions and content

A client is postoperative following abdominal surgery. Which of the following actions should be taken to prevent respiratory complications?

  • A. Instruct the client to exhale into an incentive spirometer
  • B. Reposition the client every 8 hours
  • C. Assist the client with early ambulation
  • D. Maintain the client on bed rest for the first 48 hours
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Assisting the client with early ambulation is crucial in preventing respiratory complications after abdominal surgery. Early ambulation helps to prevent conditions like atelectasis and pneumonia by promoting lung expansion and preventing pooling of respiratory secretions. It also aids in improving circulation, reducing the risk of deep vein thrombosis, and enhancing overall recovery. Instructing the client to exhale into an incentive spirometer (Choice A) is beneficial for lung expansion but is more focused on respiratory therapy rather than preventing complications. Repositioning the client every 8 hours (Choice B) is important for preventing pressure ulcers but is not directly related to preventing respiratory complications. Maintaining the client on bed rest for the first 48 hours (Choice D) can lead to complications such as atelectasis, pneumonia, and deep vein thrombosis due to decreased lung expansion and mobility.

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What is a dynamic balance among the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects of a person's life?

  • A. Health
  • B. Wellness
  • C. Holism
  • D. Health promotion
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Wellness is a dynamic balance of physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects, reflecting an active pursuit of optimal living like exercising, managing stress, connecting socially, and finding purpose. Health is a broader state of well-being, per WHO, not inherently dynamic. Holism is a care philosophy addressing all dimensions, not the state itself. Health promotion involves interventions to improve health, not the balance. Wellness captures an individual's journey toward harmony, as when a nurse helps a client integrate diet (physical), support groups (social), coping skills (psychological), and values (spiritual). This concept guides nursing to foster resilience and fulfillment, distinct from static health or care approaches, emphasizing personal agency in thriving.

A client with chronic kidney disease is being educated by a nurse about dietary management. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

  • A. I should limit my intake of protein to prevent overworking my kidneys.
  • B. I should increase my intake of potassium-rich foods.
  • C. I should increase my intake of phosphorus-rich foods.
  • D. I should increase my intake of calcium-rich foods.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. In chronic kidney disease, limiting protein intake is crucial to prevent overworking the kidneys. Excessive protein consumption can lead to the accumulation of metabolic waste products that the kidneys struggle to process, worsening kidney function. Therefore, by recognizing the need to restrict protein intake, the client demonstrates an understanding of the dietary management required for their condition. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Increasing intake of potassium-rich foods (Choice B) is not recommended in chronic kidney disease as it can lead to hyperkalemia. Similarly, increasing intake of phosphorus-rich foods (Choice C) is not advised because impaired kidneys struggle to excrete phosphorus, leading to elevated levels in the blood. Lastly, increasing intake of calcium-rich foods (Choice D) may not be necessary unless there is a specific deficiency or requirement, as calcium balance is often disrupted in chronic kidney disease.

Which of the following statement best describe patient rights?

  • A. Privileges given by nurses
  • B. Legal and ethical entitlements
  • C. Temporary benefits
  • D. Hospital rules
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Patient rights are legal and ethical entitlements (B), per standards e.g., consent, privacy. Not nurse-given (A), not temporary (C), not rules (D) inherent protections. B best defines rights' basis, like Mr. Gary's care expectations, making it correct.

Which of the following is the nurse's role in the health promotion

  • A. Health risk appraisal
  • B. Teach client to be effective health consumer
  • C. Worksite wellness
  • D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Teaching clients to manage their health effectively is a key nursing role in promotion.

A healthcare professional is planning care for a client who has a new prescription for a low-sodium diet. Which of the following foods should the healthcare professional recommend?

  • A. Canned soup
  • B. Fresh fruit
  • C. Pickles
  • D. Soy sauce
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Fresh fruit is naturally low in sodium and is a suitable choice for a low-sodium diet. It provides essential nutrients without adding significant amounts of sodium, making it a healthy option for individuals following a low-sodium diet. Canned soup, pickles, and soy sauce are high in sodium content and should be avoided by individuals on a low-sodium diet. Canned soups are often loaded with added salt, pickles are preserved in brine containing high sodium levels, and soy sauce is a condiment with a high sodium content.

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