Nokea
All of the following pairs of drug compete for the same receptors except
- A. Ranitidine and histamine
- B. Metoclopramide and dopamine
- C. Dicyclomine and adrenaline
- D. Benzhexol and acetylcholine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dicyclomine (anticholinergic) and adrenaline (adrenergic) act on different receptors; others compete at the same receptor sites.
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Which of the following statements about Thalidomide is INCORRECT?
- A. It is anti angiogenic
- B. It is anti inflammatory
- C. It is immunomodulatory
- D. It is mitogenic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Thalidomide is not mitogenic; it inhibits cell proliferation.
Which of the following is the frequent cause of nausea and vomiting:
- A. While using insulin medications
- B. While treated with acarbose
- C. While treated with metformin
- D. While treated with glibenclamid
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin commonly causes nausea and vomiting due to gastrointestinal irritation.
Which of the following reflects a nurse's responsibility when a drug is prescribed for a client? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Administering the drug to the client
- B. Monitoring for therapeutic response
- C. Checking for drug-drug interactions
- D. Reporting adverse reactions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a drug is prescribed to a client, the nurse is responsible for the administration of the drug, monitoring for therapeutic effects, reporting adverse drug reactions, and teaching the client information needed to administer the drug safely at home. A pharmacist checks for drug-drug interactions prior to dispensing a drug for administration.
The hypoglycemic mechanism of action of pioglitazone and rosiglitazon is:
- A. They are peroxisome proliferator activating receptor gamma (PPAR-Y) ligands and enhance absorption of glucose and fatty acid
- B. Enhance closure of ATP sensitive K+ channels and entrance of calcium in intracellular efflux via Ca2+ channels
- C. Decrease gluconeogenesis in the liver
- D. Increase tyrosine kinase activity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pioglitazone and rosiglitazone activate PPAR-gamma, improving insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in tissues.
A patient is brought to the emergency department by a family member. The patient reports seeing colored lights and describes feeling bugs crawling under the skin. The nurse suspects that this patient is abusing which drug?
- A. Alcohol
- B. Cocaine
- C. LSD
- D. Methamphetamine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cocaine causes stimulant psychosis with visual (lights) and tactile (bugs) hallucinations; LSD differs in effect. A stimulant psychosis can occur with chronic use of any stimulant and, with cocaine, progresses to visual hallucinations of colored lights and tactile hallucinations of bugs crawling under the skin.