Nokea
All patients with clinical evidence of a PDA are at increased risk for endocarditis. As a result, patients with PDA should be considered for irreversible closure EXCEPT
- A. small, hemodynamically insignificant PDA
- B. small, hemodynamically significant PDA
- C. moderate PDA
- D. large PDA
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Small, hemodynamically insignificant PDAs may not require closure.
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A client with an acute exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has localized pain and inflammation of the fingers and feet; swelling, redness, and restricted joint motion; and reports feeling fatigued. Which nursing diagnosis has the highest priority for this client?
- A. Pain related to joint inflammation
- B. Impaired physical mobility.
- C. Risk for infection.
- D. Disturbed sleep pattern.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pain is the most immediate and distressing symptom for the client and should be addressed first to improve comfort and quality of life.
Recognised features of ABO incompatibility include:
- A. Normal haemoglobin on day 1
- B. Worsening with subsequent pregnancies
- C. Conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia
- D. Negative Coombs test
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In ABO incompatibility, haemoglobin levels are typically normal on day 1. The condition does not worsen with subsequent pregnancies and is associated with unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia.
The clinic nurse is reviewing strategies for blood glucose monitoring with a client who is newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. When helping the client select a blood glucose meter, which client assessments should the nurse complete?
- A. Manual dexterity and visual acuity
- B. Capillary refill time and radial pulse volume
- C. Deep tendon reflexes and skin color
- D. Skin elasticity and hand grip strength
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Manual dexterity and visual acuity are important for the client to properly use the glucose meter.
Dubowitz criteria to assess gestational age include:
- A. Skin colour
- B. Breast tissue
- C. Popliteal angle
- D. Moro reflex
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Breast tissue is one of the criteria used in the Dubowitz assessment to estimate gestational age. Skin colour, popliteal angle, and Moro reflex are not part of the Dubowitz criteria.
The following statements concerning acute gastroenteritis in childhood are correct:
- A. Intravenous fluid therapy is essential in severe cases
- B. Loperamide should be avoided
- C. The commonest causes of failure to thrive following an attack is persistent bacterial infection
- D. Septicaemia is a recognised feature of Salmonella gastroenteritis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Intravenous fluid therapy is critical in severe dehydration due to gastroenteritis. Loperamide is contraindicated in children due to risk of serious side effects. Persistent bacterial infection is not the commonest cause of failure to thrive, and septicaemia is rare in Salmonella gastroenteritis.