Nokea
All the following are causes of heart failure in full-term neonate EXCEPT
- A. asphyxial
- B. coarctation of aorta
- C. hypoplastic left heart syndrome
- D. transposition of great arteries
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Coarctation of the aorta may not immediately present with heart failure in full-term neonates.
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Obesity in childhood:
- A. Is usually associated with hypogonadism
- B. Is unlikely to lead to adult obesity
- C. Is more common in families in Social Class I than in Social Class V
- D. Can lead to overestimation of the dose of intravenous fluids when these are required
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Childhood obesity is more common in higher social classes. It is not typically associated with hypogonadism and can lead to adult obesity. Overestimation of fluid doses is not a recognized issue.
Pulmonary hypertension is a complication of:
- A. ASD
- B. Eisenmenger syndrome
- C. Tricuspid atresia
- D. Tricuspid regurgitation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Eisenmenger syndrome is a well-known cause of pulmonary hypertension. The other options (a-d) can also lead to pulmonary hypertension but are less specific.
Chest pain in pediatric patients often generates a significant amount of parental concern. Of the following, the MOST common cause is
- A. myocarditis
- B. pericarditis
- C. pneumonia
- D. pleurisy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chest pain in children is most commonly caused by non-cardiac conditions such as pneumonia or pleurisy.
The nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin (Lovenox) 135 mg subcutaneously. The medication is available in a cartridge labeled 150 mg/ml. How many ml should the nurse administer? (enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.)
- A. 0.9
- B. 1
- C. 9
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The calculation is based on the prescribed dose and the concentration of the medication.
A wide splitting of S2 during expiration is auscultated in a 2-week-old infant.
- A. Atrial septal defect (ASD)
- B. Coarctation of the aorta (COA)
- C. Patent ductus arteriosis (PDA)
- D. Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A wide splitting of S2 without becoming a single sound on expiration may indicate increased pulmonary flow, typical of atrial septal defect.