Nokea
All the following are true about infant sleep between 2-6 months EXCEPT
- A. total sleep hours are about 14-16 hr/24 hr
- B. sleeps about 9-10 hr concentrated at night
- C. sleeps 2 naps/day
- D. the sleep cycle time is similar to that of adults
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Infant sleep cycles differ significantly from adult patterns.
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The nurse is using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth chart for an African-American child. Which statement should the nurse consider?
- A. This growth chart should not be used.
- B. Growth patterns of African-American children are the same as for all other ethnic groups.
- C. A correction factor is necessary when the CDC growth chart is used for non- Caucasian ethnic groups.
- D. The CDC charts are accurate for US African-American children.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct statement for the nurse to consider is that a correction factor is necessary when the CDC growth chart is used for non-Caucasian ethnic groups. This is because the CDC growth charts were primarily developed using data from Caucasian children. Research has shown that children from different ethnic backgrounds may have differences in growth patterns compared to Caucasian children. Therefore, when using the CDC growth chart for African-American children or other ethnic groups, a correction factor may need to be applied to ensure accurate growth assessment and monitoring.
A child has a postoperative appendectomy incision covered by a dressing. The nurse has just completed a prescribed dressing change for this child. Which description is an accurate documentation of this procedure?
- A. Dressing change to appendectomy incision completed, child tolerated procedure well, parent present
- B. No complications noted during dressing change to appendectomy incision
- C. Appendectomy incision non-reddened, sutures intact, no drainage noted on old dressing, new dressing applied, procedure tolerated well by child
- D. No changes to appendectomy incisional area, dressing changed, child complained of pain during procedure, new dressing clean, dry and intact
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Option C provides a thorough and accurate documentation of the dressing change procedure for the postoperative appendectomy incision. This documentation includes essential details such as the condition of the incision site (non-reddened, sutures intact, no drainage noted on old dressing), the action taken (new dressing applied), and the outcome (procedure tolerated well by the child). It covers all the necessary aspects of the dressing change procedure and clearly indicates the status of the incision site before and after the intervention. Options A, B, and D do not provide as comprehensive and detailed information about the dressing change procedure and its outcomes, making option C the most appropriate choice for accurate documentation.
Through which of the ff body fluids has transmission of HIV been established? Choose all that apply
- A. Saliva
- B. Sweat
- C. Tears f. Breastmilk
- D. Blood g. Urine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The transmission of HIV has been established through the following body fluids:
Chemotherapy has a major role in many childhood CNS tumors. In which of the following tumors is chemotherapy not effective?
- A. pilocytic astrocytoma
- B. craniopharyngioma
- C. pineoblastoma
- D. supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors (SPNETs)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pilocytic astrocytomas are generally low-grade and less responsive to chemotherapy compared to other listed tumors.
The client is taking phenyton (Dilantin) for seizure control. A sample is drawn to determine the serum drug level, and the nurse reviews the results. Which of the following would indicate a therapeutic serum drug range?
- A. 5 to 10 mcg/ml.
- B. 20 to 30 mcg/ml.
- C. 10 to 20 mcg/ml.
- D. 30 to 40 mcg/ml.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The therapeutic serum drug range for phenytoin (Dilantin) is typically considered to be 10 to 20 mcg/ml. However, some sources may cite a broader range of 5 to 20 mcg/ml. Therefore, a serum drug level range of 5 to 10 mcg/ml would fall within the acceptable therapeutic range for phenytoin. Serum levels outside of this range may indicate potential toxicity (above range) or subtherapeutic levels (below range) which could result in inadequate seizure control.