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Although 25% of prescription drugs are derived from plants, interest in self-treatment using herbs has been on the rise. Which of the following is the reason for this?
- A. Prescribed drugs are subjected to federal regulations.
- B. Herbs are easily available.
- C. There are differences in molecular structure between the source plant and the synthesized drug.
- D. Using only parts of a plant may not have the same effects as using the whole plant.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Herbalists argue that consuming the whole plant has different effects. Prescribed drugs contain only one or two extracts or synthetic substances that match the molecular structure of the source plant. Therefore, in many cases, the molecular structure may be the same. Regulations are relevant to producers of drugs or herbal products, not the users.
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A client with fibromyalgia is using magnets as a form of complementary treatment. Which rationale given by the nurse best explains the physiologic principle of this technique?
- A. Free flow of energy
- B. Stimulates the release of endorphins
- C. A means of therapeutic touch
- D. No therapeutic effects with this technique
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Static magnet therapy can be used to affect the cell membrane and stimulate the release of endorphins. No scientific basis is available to support this effect, but people continue to claim benefits if nothing other than placebo effect. Free flow of energy refers to acupuncture, whereas therapeutic touch is associated with Reiki therapy.
A nurse is reading about various complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) and is interested most in mind-body medicine. Which technique can the nurse easily teach a client to use in managing pain?
- A. Acupuncture
- B. Imagery
- C. Reiki
- D. Tai chi
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Imagery is a psychobiologic technique that uses the mind to visualize a positive physiologic effect. This form of mind-body medicine has few physical risks, can be taught or easily explained, and has provided evidence of positive effects. Tai chi is a manipulative body-based therapy. Acupuncture and Reiki are energy-based manipulative therapies.
A nurse is providing care to a client recently diagnosed with an aggressive form of cancer. The client asks the nurse about integrative medicine. Which statement should the nurse include in response to the client?
- A. Integrative medicine has not been found to be effective in the treatment of disease.
- B. Integrative medicine is a combination of conventional medical practice with nontraditional physical and nonphysical approaches to treatment.
- C. Integrative medicine is a nonorthodox treatment method with no proven basis for effectiveness at promoting health.
- D. Integrative medicine promotes exclusive use of herbal and other dietary supplements to treat disease.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Integrative medicine is a combination of conventional medical practice with nontraditional physical and nonphysical approaches to treatment for which there is some scientific evidence of safety and effectiveness. It is not exclusively conventional medical practices or alternative therapies. It is not true that integrative medicine has been found to be ineffective in the treatment of diseases. Alternative therapies, not integrative medicine, are nonorthodox treatment methods that have no proven basis for effectiveness at promoting health. Integrative medicine does not promote exclusive use of herbal and other dietary supplements to treat disease.
What is the best response by the nurse when explaining biofeedback to a client?
- A. It is a spiritual practice that combines exercise with mental focus.
- B. It is beneficial in expressing feelings.
- C. It allows a reduction of symptoms through voluntary control measures.
- D. It requires the use of machines in a controlled environment. EGFR: p. 94, Biofeedback NAT: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Apply
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Biofeedback is a technique in which an individual voluntarily controls physiologic function. Yoga is the spiritual practice that combines exercise with mental focus. Music and art are ways to express feelings. Initially, biofeedback uses a machine but eventually the client can alter physiologic response at will.
A client with arthritis finds relief of pain in the practice of tai chi, acupuncture, and massage. The nurse understands this medical system approach to originate from which culture?
- A. Ayurvedic medicine
- B. Western medicine
- C. Chinese medicine
- D. Native American/First Nations medicine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Balancing life's energy source through the use of tai chi, acupuncture, and massage are a part of Chinese Medicine. Ayurvedic medicine is practiced in India using fasting, yoga, cleansing, etc. Native American/First Nations medicine uses shaman, symbols, and herbs in treatments. Western medicine is a form of conventional medicine.