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Aminoglycosides are most effective against which kind of microorganism?
- A. Aerobic gram-negative bacteria
- B. Anaerobic gram-negative bacteria
- C. Aerobic gram-positive bacteria
- D. Anaerobic gram-positive bacteria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aminoglycosides target aerobic gram-negative bacteria by inhibiting protein synthesis, requiring oxygen-dependent uptake.
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Which of the following is used for treatment of hyperthyroidism:
- A. Liothironine
- B. Levothiroxine
- C. Propilthiouracil
- D. Liotrix
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Propylthiouracil inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis, making it a standard treatment for hyperthyroidism.
A patient who has tuberculosis asks the nurse why three drugs are used to treat this disease. The nurse will explain that multi-drug therapy is used to reduce
- A. disease relapse
- B. drug hypersensitivity reactions
- C. drug resistance
- D. drug adverse effects
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Multi-drug therapy prevents TB resistance; it doesn't directly reduce relapse , hypersensitivity , or side effects . Without multi-drug therapy, patients easily develop resistance to antitubercular drugs.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Ramelteon. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following foods while taking this medication?
- A. Baked potato
- B. Fried chicken
- C. Whole-grain bread
- D. Citrus fruits
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High-fat foods like fried chicken can delay ramelteon's onset, a melatonin receptor agonist.
A nurse is providing teaching for a male client who has Schizophrenia and is taking Risperidone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Add extra snacks to your diet to prevent weight loss.
- B. Notify the provider if you develop breast enlargement.
- C. You may begin to have mild seizures while taking this medication.
- D. This medication is likely to increase your libido.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Risperidone can cause gynecomastia , a side effect to report; it often decreases libido and causes weight gain.
The primary use of aminoglycosides is to treat:
- A. Gram-positive infections
- B. Gram-negative infections
- C. Fungal infections
- D. Viral infections
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aminoglycosides like gentamicin are primarily effective against Gram-negative bacteria due to their mechanism targeting bacterial ribosomes.