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An 18-year-old with a groin rash and itching is worried about having an STD and does not want his parents to know. What should the nurse say?
- A. We will need to contact your parents.
- B. We will not contact your parents regarding this visit.
- C. Who would you like us to contact about your visit today?
- D. We cannot promise that the hospital will not contact your parents.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adolescents have the right to privacy regarding sexual health, unless there is a risk to life.
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Which of the ff nursing interventions is taken as a precautionary measure if shock develops when a client with a spinal cord injury is hospitalized?
- A. An IV line is inserted to provide access to a vein
- B. The head and back are immobilized mechanically with a cervical collar and back support
- C. Traction with weights and pulleys is applied
- D. A turning frame is used EMERGENCY AND DISASTER NURSING SITUATION: A group of high school teenagers went camping to Sohoton this summer for one week. You are the nurse assigned to this camp. For the first three days, you were busy with several emergencies.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a hospital setting, if shock develops in a client with a spinal cord injury, one of the initial nursing interventions as a precautionary measure is to establish intravenous access by inserting an IV line. This is important for administering fluids, medications, and blood products promptly to help stabilize the client's condition. IV access is crucial in managing shock to ensure proper fluid resuscitation and support the circulatory system to maintain adequate perfusion to vital organs. It also allows for continuous monitoring of the client's hemodynamic status, electrolyte levels, and responses to interventions. Therefore, inserting an IV line is a critical nursing intervention in addressing shock in clients with spinal cord injuries to promote timely and effective management.
When a child has chronic renal failure, the progressive deterioration produces a variety of clinical and biochemical disturbances that eventually are manifested in the clinical syndrome known as:
- A. uremia.
- B. oliguria.
- C. proteinuria.
- D. pyelonephritis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chronic renal failure leads to the build-up of waste products and toxins in the blood, known as uremia. This condition results from the kidneys' inability to effectively filter waste from the blood and maintain proper fluid and electrolyte balance. As renal function declines, uremia can lead to a variety of clinical manifestations such as fatigue, nausea, itching, and electrolyte imbalances, ultimately resulting in the clinical syndrome known as uremia. Oliguria refers to reduced urine output, proteinuria is the presence of excessive protein in the urine, and pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidneys - these conditions may be present in chronic renal failure but are not the defining clinical syndrome.
Hepatoblastoma is a neoplasm of undifferentiated precursors of hepatocytes. It is of different histological classification; which type predict the MOST favorable outcome?
- A. mixed type of pure epithelial and mesenchymal elements
- B. type of pure epithelial histology
- C. type of mixed fetal and embryonal histology
- D. type of undifferentiated histology
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pure epithelial histology, particularly fetal type, is associated with the best prognosis.
A 10-month-old child can do all the following EXCEPT
- A. says mama or dada
- B. follows one-step command without gesture
- C. points to objects or real first word
- D. speaks inhibition word 'no'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Speaking inhibition words like 'no' typically occurs later.
A nurse is conducting education classes for parents of infants. The nurse plans to discuss sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Which risk factors should the nurse include as increasing an infant's risk of a sudden infant death syndrome incident? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Breastfeeding
- B. Low Apgar scores
- C. Male sex
- D. Birth weight in the 50th or higher percentile
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: - Low Apgar scores: Infants with low Apgar scores (scores of 3 or lower at 5 minutes after birth) are at an increased risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Low Apgar scores may indicate underlying health issues in the newborn that could contribute to the risk of SIDS.