Nokea
Which of the following is a key principle of the patient-centered care model?
- A. Healthcare provider satisfaction
- B. Cost reduction
- C. Patient autonomy
- D. Provider convenience
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Patient autonomy. Patient-centered care emphasizes the importance of involving patients in their own healthcare decisions, respecting their preferences, values, and needs. This principle ensures that patients are active participants in their care, leading to improved health outcomes and patient satisfaction.
Incorrect choices:
A: Healthcare provider satisfaction - While important, patient-centered care focuses on the patient's experience and outcomes rather than the provider's satisfaction.
B: Cost reduction - While costs are a consideration in healthcare delivery, patient-centered care prioritizes the patient's well-being over cost savings.
D: Provider convenience - Patient-centered care does not prioritize provider convenience; instead, it prioritizes meeting the individual needs and preferences of the patient.
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Which of the following best describes the role of a nurse case manager?
- A. To provide direct patient care
- B. To manage healthcare facilities
- C. To advocate for patient rights
- D. To coordinate long-term care services
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: To coordinate long-term care services. Nurse case managers focus on coordinating and managing the long-term care needs of patients, ensuring continuity and quality of care. They work with healthcare providers, patients, and families to develop and implement care plans.
Explanation:
A: Providing direct patient care is typically the role of nurses, not specifically nurse case managers.
B: Managing healthcare facilities is the responsibility of healthcare administrators, not nurse case managers.
C: Advocating for patient rights is important but not the primary role of a nurse case manager; their focus is on coordinating care services.
When a nurse observes a fellow nurse preparing an incorrect dose of medication, what is the best action to take?
- A. Ignore the error
- B. Administer the medication anyway
- C. Correct the error without informing the nurse
- D. Report the error to the supervisor immediately
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Report the error to the supervisor immediately. This action prioritizes patient safety and prevents harm. It follows ethical guidelines by promoting transparency and accountability. Reporting the error also upholds professional standards and fosters a culture of continuous learning and improvement. Ignoring the error (A) risks patient harm. Administering the medication anyway (B) compromises patient safety. Correcting the error without informing the nurse (C) overlooks the importance of addressing the root cause and preventing future mistakes.
Which of the following are managerial functions, according to Mintzberg? (EXCEPT)
- A. Leading and linking at the people level
- B. Communicating and controlling at the information level
- C. Deciding pay structures
- D. Doing at the action level
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Deciding pay structures. According to Mintzberg, managerial functions involve planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Deciding pay structures falls under the domain of human resource management, not traditional managerial functions. A, B, and D align with Mintzberg's managerial functions as they involve aspects of leading, communicating, controlling, and taking actions within an organization.
A postoperative nurse is caring for a client after knee replacement. She discovers the consent was not signed before the surgery. Which of the following charges could be filed?
- A. False imprisonment
- B. Libel
- C. Battery
- D. Malpractice
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Battery. Battery refers to the intentional harmful or offensive touching of another person without consent. In this case, performing the surgery without obtaining informed consent from the client constitutes battery. The lack of signed consent implies the client did not agree to the procedure, making it an unauthorized touching. This is a clear violation of the client's rights and can lead to a charge of battery.
False imprisonment (A) involves restricting someone's freedom of movement unlawfully, which is not applicable here. Libel (B) refers to written defamation, which is not relevant to the situation. Malpractice (D) involves professional negligence in providing healthcare, not obtaining consent before surgery would fall under battery rather than malpractice.
A 26-year-old female with type 1 diabetes develops a sore throat and runny nose after caring for her sick toddler. The patient calls the clinic for advice about her symptoms and a blood glucose level of 210 mg/dL despite taking her usual glargine (Lantus) and lispro (Humalog) insulin. The nurse advises the patient to
- A. use only the lispro insulin until the symptoms are resolved
- B. limit calorie intake until the glucose is less than 120 mg/dL
- C. monitor blood glucose every 4 hours and notify the clinic if it continues to rise
- D. decrease carbohydrate intake until glycosylated hemoglobin is less than 7%
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: monitor blood glucose every 4 hours and notify the clinic if it continues to rise. In this scenario, the patient is experiencing an illness (sore throat and runny nose) which can lead to elevated blood glucose levels due to increased stress hormones. It is essential to closely monitor blood glucose levels to prevent hyperglycemia-related complications. The nurse's advice aligns with the goal of closely monitoring the patient's condition and seeking medical attention if blood glucose levels continue to rise.
Choice A is incorrect because using only lispro insulin may not be sufficient to manage the elevated blood glucose levels caused by illness. Choice B is incorrect as limiting calorie intake may not be the appropriate action to take in this situation. Choice D is incorrect because decreasing carbohydrate intake based on glycosylated hemoglobin levels is not an immediate solution to address the current elevated blood glucose levels due to illness.