Nokea
An adolescent female asks the nurse about taking retinoic acid (Accutane). What guidance should be provided by the nurse?
- A. The medication should be used only for 10 weeks.
- B. The medication requires that sexually active females use contraception.
- C. The medication lowers hemoglobin very quickly.
- D. The medication has few side effects.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Accutane has many side effects and can produce birth defects. Effective contraception is necessary during treatment and for 1 month after the 20 weeks it is to be taken.
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What should the nurse caring for a 6-year-old child with acute glomerulonephritis anticipate as the most difficult part of the care to implement?
- A. Forced fluids
- B. Increased feedings
- C. Bed rest
- D. Frequent position changes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During the acute phase of glomerulonephritis, bed rest is usually recommended. A diet of restricted fluid, sodium, potassium, and phosphate is initially required. Bed rest can be very hard to implement with an active 6-year-old child.
The parents of a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia ask about the best approach for maintaining remission of the disease. What would be the most effective therapy?
- A. Surgery to remove enlarged lymph nodes
- B. Long-term chemotherapy
- C. Nutritional supplements to enhance blood cell production
- D. Blood transfusions to replace ineffective red cells
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The treatment of choice is methotrexate, a chemotherapeutic agent, to produce remission.
What are early signs of varicella disease?
- A. High fever over 101°F (38.3°C)
- B. General malaise
- C. Increased appetite
- D. Crusty sores
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Early signs of varicella will develop during the prodromal period and are mainly low-grade fever, malaise, and anorexia. Lesions do not appear until later.
What should the therapeutic management of iron deficiency anemia include?
- A. Multivitamins
- B. Calcium
- C. Ferrous sulfate
- D. Iodine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Therapeutic management of iron deficiency anemia is iron (ferrous sulfate) supplementation, nutritional counseling, and treatment of any underlying condition.
Parents of a 5-year-old child diagnosed as cognitively impaired have come to the nurse to discuss different approaches to the ongoing care of their child. The nurse should suggest focusing on what activity?
- A. Acquiring job skills
- B. Making decisions
- C. Performing self-care activities
- D. Reading and doing simple math
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For a cognitively impaired child, focusing on self-care activities supports their development and independence, which is appropriate for a 5-year-old.