Nokea
An adolescent tells the nurse that the area below his knee has been hurting for several weeks. The nurse should obtain history information about participation in which of the following?
- A. Soccer.
- B. Golf.
- C. Diving.
- D. Swimming.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pain below the knee in adolescents is often associated with Osgood-Schlatter disease, which is common in sports like soccer that involve repetitive knee stress.
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A 14-year-old has just had a plaster cast placed on his lower left leg. To provide safe cast care, the nurse should?
- A. Petal the cast as soon as it is put on.
- B. Keep the child in the same position for 24 hours until the cast is dry.
- C. Use only the palms of the hand when handling the cast.
- D. Notify the physician if the client complains of heat.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using only the palms prevents indentations in the wet cast, which could cause pressure points or alter the cast's shape.
A 5-year-old child with burns on the trunk and arms has no appetite. The nurse and mother develop a plan of care to stimulate the child's appetite. Which of the following suggestions made by the mother would indicate that she needs additional teaching?
- A. Deciding that she will feed the child herself.
- B. Withholding dessert and treats unless meals are eaten.
- C. Offering the child finger foods that the child likes.
- D. Serving smaller and more frequent meals.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Withholding desserts can create negative associations with eating, reducing appetite. Feeding assistance, finger foods, and smaller meals are appropriate to encourage intake in a burn patient with high metabolic needs.
The nurse caring for a 7 -year-old child who has undergone a cardiac catheterization 2 hours ago finds the dressing and bed saturated with blood. The nurse should first:
- A. Assess the vital signs.
- B. Reinforce the dressing.
- C. Apply pressure just above the catheter insertion.
- D. Notify the physician.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Direct pressure is the first measure that should be used to control bleeding. Taking the vital signs will not control the bleeding. This should be done while another person is being sent to notify the physician. The dressing can be reinforced after the bleeding has been contained.
When the infant returns to the unit after imperforate anus repair, the nurse should place the infant in which of the following positions?
- A. On the abdomen, with legs pulled up under the body.
- B. On the back, with legs extended straight out.
- C. Lying on the side with the hips elevated.
- D. Lying on the back in a position of comfort.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lying on the side with hips elevated minimizes pressure on the surgical site and promotes healing.
When teaching the parents of an older infant with cystic fibrosis (CF) about the type of diet the child should consume, which of the following would be appropriate?
- A. Low-protein diet.
- B. High-fat diet.
- C. Low-carbohydrate diet.
- D. High-calorie diet.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A high-calorie diet is appropriate for an infant with cystic fibrosis to meet increased energy needs due to malabsorption and chronic respiratory issues.