Nokea
An adult client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and a urinary tract infection (UTI). Prescriptions for intravenous antibiotics and an insulin infusion are initiated. Which serum laboratory value warrants the most immediate intervention by the nurse?
- A. Glucose of 350 mg/dl
- B. White blood cell count of 15,000 mm3
- C. Blood PH of 7.30
- D. Potassium of 2.5 mEq/L
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A potassium level of 2.5 mEq/L is dangerously low and must be corrected immediately to prevent cardiac arrhythmias.
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Which of the following drugs have no mortality benefit?
- A. Nitrates
- B. Beta-blockers
- C. Trimetazidine
- D. RAAS blockers
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Trimetazidine is used as an adjunct therapy in ischemic heart disease but does not have a proven mortality benefit, unlike RAAS blockers, beta-blockers, and nitrates.
In hyper cyanotic spells in Fallots tetralogy
- A. Hypoxia is there
- B. Murmur disappear
- C. Right to left shunt increases
- D. Acidosis occur
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During hypercyanotic spells in Tetralogy of Fallot, the right-to-left shunt increases, leading to worsening cyanosis.
The formula to predict the maximum predicted heart rate for Treadmill exercise testing in CAD patients on beta blockers is X - (0.7 X Age). The value of X is
- A. 174
- B. 164
- C. 184
- D. 154
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The value of X is 164 in the formula for predicting maximum heart rate in CAD patients on beta blockers.
Patrick, a healthy adolescent has meningitis and is receiving I.V. and oral fluids. The nurse should monitor this client’s fluid intake because fluid overload may cause:
- A. Cerebral edema
- B. Dehydration
- C. Heart failure
- D. Hypovolemic shock
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fluid overload in a patient with meningitis can exacerbate cerebral edema, increasing intracranial pressure and worsening the condition.
In febrile convulsions:
- A. Familial predisposition is the same as in idiopathic epilepsy
- B. Carbamazepine achieves good seizure control
- C. Shigella dysentery may be a cause
- D. Deafness can occur if seizure is prolonged
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Shigella dysentery, a bacterial infection, can cause febrile convulsions in children due to the high fever associated with the infection.