Nokea
Congenital toxoplasmosis is associated with:
- A. Microcephaly
- B. Chorioretinitis
- C. Sore throat
- D. Sacroileitis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chorioretinitis is a common manifestation of congenital toxoplasmosis, often leading to vision problems and ocular abnormalities.
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A 1-day-old is noted to be cyanotic. Physical examination reveals a grade 2-3/6 systolic murmur and a single loud second heart sound. The chest radiograph reveals a normal-sized heart and decreased pulmonary vascular markings. The electrocardiogram (ECG) reveals left ventricular dominance. The next step in the management of this neonate is to administer
- A. sodium bicarbonate
- B. morphine
- C. prostaglandin E1
- D. digoxin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prostaglandin E1 helps maintain ductal patency, which can improve circulation in conditions like transposition of the great arteries or other congenital heart defects causing cyanosis.
A male client tells the clinic nurse that he is experiencing burning on urination, and assessment reveals that he had sexual intercourse four days ago with a woman he casually met. Which action should the nurse implement?
- A. Observe the perineal area for a chancroid-like lesion
- B. Obtain a specimen of urethral drainage for culture
- C. Assess for perineal itching, erythema and excoriation
- D. Identify all sexual partners in the last four days
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A culture of urethral drainage is necessary to diagnose a potential sexually transmitted infection (STI).
Recognised features of constrictive pericarditis are:
- A. Increased fatiguability
- B. Precordial pain
- C. Abdominal distension
- D. Parasternal heave
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Abdominal distension is a recognized feature of constrictive pericarditis due to impaired venous return and hepatic congestion.
Which of the following drugs have no mortality benefit?
- A. Nitrates
- B. Beta-blockers
- C. Trimetazidine
- D. RAAS blockers
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Trimetazidine is used as an adjunct therapy in ischemic heart disease but does not have a proven mortality benefit, unlike RAAS blockers, beta-blockers, and nitrates.
A client who weighs 175 pounds is receiving IV bolus dose of heparin 80 units/kg. The heparin is available in a 2 ml vial, labeled 10,000 units/ml. How many ml should the nurse administer? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.)
- A. 0.6
- C. 6
- D. 1
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The calculation is based on the client's weight and the prescribed dosage of heparin.