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An adult who is admitted for a cardiac catheterization asks the nurse if she will be asleep during the cardiac catheterization. What is the best initial response for the nurse to make?
- A. You will be given a general anesthesia.'
- B. You will be sedated but not asleep.'
- C. The doctor will give you an anesthetic if you are having too much pain.'
- D. Why do you want to be asleep?'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During cardiac catheterization, clients receive sedation but remain awake, as their cooperation may be needed. General anesthesia is not used, and pain is managed with sedation, not additional anesthetics. Asking 'why' may make the client defensive and does not provide the requested information.
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Having heard the observer's comment, which statement by the nurse would be most helpful for an untrained individual to remember if a trained individual is not present?
- A. An untrained person can always stay with the victim until help arrives.
- B. Do not worry about compressions; just breathe regularly in the mouth.
- C. Begin chest compressions in the center of the chest pressing down 2 inches (5 cm).
- D. Place the client flat and elevate the feet to promote circulation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Untrained individuals can perform compression-only CPR, pressing 2 inches deep at 100-120 per minute.
When a client returns from undergoing a cardiac catheterization, it is most essential for the nurse to:
- A. check peripheral pulses.
- B. maintain NPO.
- C. apply heat to the insertion site.
- D. start range of motion exercises immediately.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Checking peripheral pulses post-cardiac catheterization is essential to detect complications like arterial occlusion or hematoma at the insertion site. Maintaining NPO, applying heat, or starting range of motion exercises immediately are not standard priorities.
Which response by the nurse is most accurate?
- A. Sustained hypertension decreases thenvim life span of many blood cells.
- B. Sustained hypertension leads to the formation of venous blood clots.
- C. Sustained hypertension compromises blood flow to many vital organs.
- D. Sustained hypertension predisposes to narrowing of the cardiac valves.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sustained hypertension increases vascular resistance, which can compromise blood flow to vital organs like the heart, brain, and kidneys, leading to organ damage.
If the client is typical of others who have angina pectoris, the nurse should expect the client to report that chest pain is best relieved by which major medical measure?
- A. Taking a deep breath
- B. Resting in a chair
- C. Applying heat to the chest
- D. Rubbing the chest
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Angina pectoris is relieved by rest, which reduces myocardial oxygen demand, allowing blood flow to meet the heart's needs.
If the client understands the nurse's explanation of the heart's conduction system, which structure will the client identify as the site of the natural pacemaker? Place an X over the correct site.
- A. Sinoatrial node
- B. Atrioventricular node
- C. Bundle of His
- D. Purkinje fibers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The sinoatrial (SA) node is the heart's natural pacemaker, initiating electrical impulses.