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An advanced practice nurse inputs into a computer software program the following clinical manifestations: open wound with tibia exposed, petechial hemorrhage, and temporary loss of consciousness. The computer diagnosis of fat emboli is generated by a system known as:
- A. decision support.
- B. telehealth.
- C. robotic technology.
- D. biometric technology.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: decision support. In this scenario, the nurse inputs clinical manifestations into a computer program to assist in generating a diagnosis. Decision support systems use algorithms and data to provide healthcare professionals with evidence-based recommendations or diagnoses. In this case, the system likely recognized the combination of clinical signs as indicative of fat emboli. Telehealth (B) involves remote healthcare services, not diagnosis. Robotic technology (C) and biometric technology (D) are not directly related to clinical diagnosis like decision support systems are.
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A nurse would like to obtain background information and learn the political platform of a candidate who is running for national office. The nurse should contact the:
- A. National Registry for Candidates.
- B. American Nurses Association Nurses Strategic Action Team (N-STAT).
- C. National League of Nurses.
- D. National Council of State Boards of Nursing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: American Nurses Association Nurses Strategic Action Team (N-STAT).
Rationale:
1. N-STAT is a strategic action team within the American Nurses Association, which is a reputable organization representing nurses' interests.
2. N-STAT focuses on political advocacy and provides information on political platforms of candidates running for national office.
3. Contacting N-STAT would provide the nurse with accurate and relevant information about the candidate's political platform.
Summary of other choices:
A: National Registry for Candidates - Not a known entity, unlikely to provide specific political platform information.
C: National League of Nurses - Focuses on nursing education and standards, not political platforms.
D: National Council of State Boards of Nursing - Focuses on regulatory aspects of nursing practice, not political platforms.
When reviewing the literature on the effects of Medicaid on health care for the poor, the nurse researcher found that the poor:
- A. have less access than even the uninsured.
- B. receive many unnecessary treatments.
- C. lack consistent providers.
- D. abuse preventive services.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because lacking consistent providers is a common issue among the poor utilizing Medicaid. This impacts continuity of care, leading to fragmented health services and poor health outcomes. Choice A is incorrect as Medicaid does provide some level of access to healthcare. Choice B is incorrect as unnecessary treatments are not a common issue among the poor on Medicaid. Choice D is incorrect as preventive services are underutilized rather than abused by the poor on Medicaid.
A researcher is interested in learning if elderly persons perceive their health to be satisfactory even with comorbidities and chronic illness. A large multisite assistive living facility will be the site. The researcher lists residents in alphabetical order and chooses every third person on the list. To ensure improved generalizability, the researcher is using:
- A. triangulation.
- B. randomization.
- C. informed consent.
- D. a meta-analysis approach.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: randomization. Randomization helps ensure improved generalizability by reducing bias and increasing the likelihood that the sample is representative of the population. In this scenario, choosing every third person from an alphabetical list introduces a systematic bias and may not represent the entire population accurately. Triangulation involves using multiple methods or data sources to validate findings, which is not applicable here. Informed consent is a necessary ethical consideration but does not directly impact generalizability. A meta-analysis approach involves combining and analyzing data from multiple studies, which is not relevant to the sampling method in this scenario. Thus, randomization is the best choice to improve generalizability in this study.
Which organization provides federal funding for research?
- A. National Institute of Nursing Research
- B. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
- C. W. K. Kellogg Foundation
- D. Sigma Theta Tau International
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: National Institute of Nursing Research. This organization is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and specifically focuses on funding nursing research. The NIH is a federal agency that provides funding for various scientific research areas, including nursing. The other choices, B: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, C: W. K. Kellogg Foundation, and D: Sigma Theta Tau International, are not federal organizations and do not provide federal funding. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation is a private philanthropic organization, W. K. Kellogg Foundation is a private foundation focused on children's wellbeing, and Sigma Theta Tau International is an honor society for nursing professionals.
Although the NCLEX-RN examination has new formats for questions, the most common format is the:
- A. fill-in-the-blank item because candidates are not provided with clues from distracters.
- B. multiple-choice question item, which allows candidates to select the one correct answer.
- C. multiple-response item because these questions require a higher level of critical thinking.
- D. hot-spot item because these questions are written at the application level of Bloom's analysis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: multiple-choice question item, which allows candidates to select the one correct answer. This is because the multiple-choice format is widely used in the NCLEX-RN examination as it is effective in assessing a candidate's knowledge, critical thinking skills, and ability to make decisions. The distractors in the answer choices provide clues and test the candidate's ability to differentiate between correct and incorrect information.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect:
A: fill-in-the-blank item is not the most common format for NCLEX-RN questions as candidates are indeed provided with clues from distractors in multiple-choice questions.
C: multiple-response item, although requiring critical thinking, is not the most common format on the NCLEX-RN exam.
D: hot-spot item is not the most common format on the NCLEX-RN exam, and it is not necessarily written at the application level of Bloom's analysis.