Nokea
An disorder develops lactic acidosis, and nearly dies, as a result of an uncommon but serious adverse response to therapy with an 'endocrine' drug. Which of the following was the most likely cause of this severe problem?
- A. Insulin glargine, prescribed for Type 1 diabetes mellitus
- B. Levothyroxine, prescribed to maintain euthyroid status following thyroidectomy
- C. Metformin, prescribed for Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- D. Propylthiouracil, prescribed for hyperthyroidism
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin is the most likely cause of lactic acidosis, a rare but life-threatening complication.
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Anaphylactic shock is a:
- A. Type I reaction, called immediate hypersensitivity reaction
- B. Type II reaction, called cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction
- C. Type III allergic reaction, called immune complex hypersensitivity
- D. Type IV allergic reaction, called delayed hypersensitivity reaction
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anaphylactic shock is a Type I immediate hypersensitivity reaction , IgE-mediated, unlike cytotoxic (II), immune complex (III), or delayed (IV).
Vitamin B12 deficiency may lead to:
- A. Hair loss
- B. Insomnia
- C. Dry scales on the scalp
- D. Numbness and tingling of the hands
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vitamin B12 deficiency causes neurological symptoms like numbness and tingling due to nerve damage.
When the nurse reads in the drug handbook the section related to recommended dosage, it is important to remember that this suggested dosage is based on what?
- A. A 40-year-old man
- B. An average-sized adult
- C. A 150-pound adult male
- D. A healthy young adult
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Recommended dosages are typically based on an average-sized adult, not specific age, weight, or health status unless specified.
Which statement(s) is/are true regarding computerized prescriber order entry (CPOE)?(Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Integrates the ordering system with the pharmacy, laboratory, and nurses
- B. Provides instant access to online information to facilitate patient care needs
- C. Facilitates review of ordered medications for potential drug interactions
- D. Alleviates the need to perform mathematical computations
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: CPOE systems integrate patient information, provide instant access, facilitate review of ordered medications for potential drug interactions, and facilitate review of drugs for appropriateness of dosages. Alleviation of the need to perform mathematical computations is not a component of the CPOE system.
After teaching a group of nursing students about nonprescription drugs, the nursing instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following?
- A. They require a licensed health care provider's signature.
- B. They are referred to as over-the-counter drugs.
- C. They can be taken without risk to the client.
- D. They do not have certain labeling requirements.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nonprescription drugs are often referred to as over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. They do not require a prescription (a licensed health care provider's signature) but do not come without risk to the client. The federal government has imposed labeling requirements of OTC drugs and they should only be taken as directed on the label unless under the supervision of a health care provider.