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An effective means of establishing rapport with the hospitalized pre-schooler is through:
- A. Lengthy discussion
- B. Explanation with drawings and models
- C. Play
- D. Silence
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Play is an effective way to communicate and build rapport with young children, especially pre-schoolers. It helps them feel comfortable, express themselves, and establish a connection with the caregiver. Lengthy discussions may not be suitable for their age and attention span, while explanation with drawings and models can enhance communication but may not engage them as effectively as play. Silence, on the other hand, may create a sense of unease or lack of interaction for pre-schoolers.
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A parent and 4-year-old child are waiting in an exam room when the nurse enters and greets them. Which activity that the nurse observes the child doing would best demonstrate the primary developmental task of the preschool-age child, according to Erikson?
- A. Reading a book
- B. Singing a song he learned at preschool
- C. Opening drawers in the room, pulling out supplies, and examining them
- D. Roughhousing with the parent
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. According to Erikson, the primary task of a preschool-aged child is to explore and assert control over their environment. This behavior is demonstrated by the child opening drawers, pulling out supplies, and examining them, showcasing curiosity and exploration. Choices A, B, and D do not align with the primary developmental task of a preschool-age child according to Erikson. Reading a book and singing a song are more passive activities, while roughhousing with the parent does not directly relate to exploration and asserting control over the environment.
At a well-child check-up, the nurse notes that an infant with a previous diagnosis of failure to thrive (FTT) is now steadily gaining weight. The nurse should recommend that fruit juice intake be limited to no more than how much?
- A. 4 oz/day
- B. 6 oz/day
- C. 8 oz/day
- D. 12 oz/day
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
What information should be given to the parents of a 12-month-old child regarding appropriate play activities for this age?
- A. Give large push-pull toys for kinetic stimulation
- B. Place a cradle gym across the crib to help develop fine motor skills
- C. Provide the child with finger paints to enhance fine motor skills
- D. Provide a stick horse to develop gross motor coordination
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
The clinic nurse is instructing parents about caring for a toddler with ascariasis (common roundworm). Which statement made by the parents indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. We will wash our hands often, especially after diaper changes
- B. We know that roundworm can be transmitted from person to person
- C. We will be sure to continue the nitazoxanide (Alinia) orally for 3 days
- D. We will bring a stool sample to the clinic for examination in 2 weeks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
The nurse is assessing a 3-day-old breastfed newborn who weighed 3400 g (7 pounds, 8 oz) at birth. The infant's mother is now concerned because the infant weighs 3147 g (6 pounds, 15 oz). The most appropriate nursing intervention is what?
- A. Recommend supplemental feedings of formula.
- B. Explain that this weight loss is within normal limits.
- C. Assess the child further to determine the cause of excessive weight loss.
- D. Encourage the mother to express breast milk for bottle-feeding the infant.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A neonate normally loses about 10% of the birth weight by age 3 to 4 days. The birth weight is usually regained by the 10th day of life. In this case, the weight loss from 3400 g to 3147 g is within the expected range. Therefore, the most appropriate action is to explain to the mother that this weight loss is within normal limits. Choice A is incorrect because supplemental feedings of formula are not indicated for this expected weight loss in a breastfed newborn. Choice C is incorrect as there is no evidence to suggest excessive weight loss at this point. Choice D is unnecessary at this stage and may not align with the current situation of normal weight loss post-birth.