Nokea
An emergency department patient is diagnosed with a hip dislocation. The patient's family is relieved that the patient has not suffered a hip fracture, but the nurse explains that this is still considered to be a medical emergency. What is the rationale for the nurse's statement?
- A. The longer the joint is displaced, the more difficult it is to get it back in place.
- B. The patient's pain will increase until the joint is realigned.
- C. Dislocation can become permanent if the process of bone remodeling begins.
- D. Avascular necrosis may develop at the site of the dislocation if it is not promptly resolved.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: If a dislocation or subluxation is not reduced immediately, avascular necrosis (AVN) may develop. Bone remodeling does not take place because a fracture has not occurred. Realignment does not become more difficult with time and pain would subside with time, not become worse.
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Which type of capillary hemangioma is described by the following: this is bright red and raised, and usually disappears during the first few years of life, although there may at first be a rapid alarming enlargement, even with ulceration, before involution occurs
- A. Strawberry naevus
- B. Port-wine stain
- C. Campbell de Morgan spots
- D. Spider naevus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Strawberry nevus is bright red, raised, and usually involutes within the first few years of life.
Rhinoplasty refers to:
- A. Surgical procedure used to augment the breast
- B. A tummy tuck
- C. A refashioning of the nose
- D. Injection of botox
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rhinoplasty is a surgical procedure to reshape the nose.
A client is seen in the health care clinic because of complaints of lesions on the elbows and the knees. The lesions are red raised papules, and large plaques covered by silvery scales are also noticed on the elbows and the knees. Psoriasis is diagnosed and the nurse provides information about treatment to the client. The nurse determines that the client needs additional information if the client states that which of the following is a component of the treatment plan?
- A. tar baths
- B. ultraviolet light treatments
- C. topical lubricants
- D. systemic corticosteroids
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Systemic corticosteroids are generally avoided in psoriasis due to risk of rebound flares; topical treatments and phototherapy are preferred.
A patient is demonstrating signs of a herpes simplex virus infection. Which diagnostic test should be prescribed to confirm this diagnosis?
- A. Pap smear
- B. Tzanck's smear
- C. Sedimentation rate
- D. HSV-1 antibody testing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tzanck's smear is a rapid test used to detect multinucleated giant cells characteristic of herpes simplex virus, making it the most specific diagnostic choice listed.
A female client sees a dermatologist for a skin problem. Later, the nurse reviews the client's chart and notes that the chief complaint was intertrigo. This term refers to which condition?
- A. Dry, scaly skin patches
- B. Irritation of opposing skin surfaces caused by friction
- C. Blisters from an allergic reaction
- D. Red, inflamed hair follicles
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intertrigo is inflammation caused by friction and moisture between opposing skin surfaces, often in skin folds.