Nokea
An interdisciplinary team is planning the care of a patient with bronchiectasis. What aspects of care should the nurse anticipate?
- A. Occupational therapy
- B. Antimicrobial therapy
- C. Positive pressure isolation
- D. Chest physiotherapy
- E. Smoking cessation
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Chest physiotherapy, antibiotics, and smoking cessation are cornerstones of the care of patients with bronchiectasis. Occupational therapy and isolation are not normally indicated.
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A clinic nurse is caring for a patient who has just been diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The patient asks the nurse what he could have done to minimize the risk of contracting this disease. What would be the nurses best answer?
- A. The most important risk factor for COPD is exposure to occupational toxins.
- B. The most important risk factor for COPD is inadequate exercise.
- C. The most important risk factor for COPD is exposure to dust and pollen.
- D. The most important risk factor for COPD is cigarette smoking.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most important risk factor for COPD is cigarette smoking. Lack of exercise and exposure to dust and pollen are not risk factors for COPD. Occupational risks are significant but are far exceeded by smoking.
A pediatric nurse practitioner is caring for a child who has just been diagnosed with asthma. The nurse has provided the parents with information that includes potential causative agents for an asthmatic reaction. What potential causative agent should the nurse describe?
- A. Pets
- B. Lack of sleep
- C. Psychosocial stress
- D. Bacteria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Common causative agents that may trigger an asthma attack are as follows: dust, dust mites, pets, soap, certain foods, molds, and pollens. Lack of sleep, stress, and bacteria are not common triggers for asthma attacks.
A nurse is planning the care of a client with bronchiectasis. What goal of care should the nurse prioritize?
- A. The patient will successfully mobilize pulmonary secretions.
- B. The patient will maintain an oxygen saturation level of 98%.
- C. The patients pulmonary blood pressure will decrease to within reference ranges.
- D. The patient will resume prediagnosis level of function within 72 hours.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nursing management focuses on alleviating symptoms and helping patients clear pulmonary secretions. Pulmonary pressures are not a central focus in the care of the patient with bronchiectasis. Rapid resumption of prediagnosis function and oxygen saturation above 98% are unrealistic goals.
An asthma educator is teaching a patient newly diagnosed with asthma and her family about the use of a peak flow meter. The educator should teach the patient that a peak flow meter measures what value?
- A. Highest airflow during a forced inspiration
- B. Highest airflow during a forced expiration
- C. Airflow during a normal inspiration
- D. Airflow during a normal expiration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Peak flow meters measure the highest airflow during a forced expiration.
A nurse is caring for a young adult patient whose medical history includes an alpha-antitrypsin deficiency. This deficiency predisposes the patient to what health problem?
- A. Pulmonary edema
- B. Lobular emphysema
- C. Cystic fibrosis (CF)
- D. Empyema
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A host risk factor for COPD is a deficiency of alpha-antitrypsin, an enzyme inhibitor that protects the lung parenchyma from injury. This deficiency predisposes young patients to rapid development of lobular emphysema even in the absence of smoking. This deficiency does not influence the patients risk of pulmonary edema, CF, or empyema.