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An LPN says to an RN, 'I don't understand why I get paid less, yet we do the same thing here at work.' What role does the RN have in the healthcare setting that the LPN does not?
- A. The RN only cares for clients with well-defined, common problems.
- B. The RN's role is more complex and involves management and coordination of client care.
- C. The RN is responsible for everything that the LPN does in the healthcare setting.
- D. The RN is the only provider that cares for clients that require competency and expertise.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The RN's role is more complex, involving the management and coordination of all the care provided to a group of clients. LPN/LVNs care for clients with well-defined, common problems that often require a high level of technical competency and expertise. LPNs are responsible for their own actions and must work within their scope of practice.
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A hospital unit has been using a functional nursing model for delivery of care for several years. The manager has been discussing with the staff the idea of a change to total care because functional nursing has some disadvantages to the clients. What disadvantage is the manager referring to?
- A. It is expensive because it only uses RNs.
- B. Some nurses work harder than others to provide care.
- C. It fragments care and is confusing for the clients.
- D. Nurses are accountable for the client's care 24 hours per day.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Although efficient, functional nursing fragments care and is confusing for clients. Primary nursing is expensive because it uses RNs only. Nurses are designated certain tasks if functional nursing is employed, so the care is divided. Nurses are accountable for client care in a primary nursing model.
A client in an acute care facility is assigned a case manager to oversee and coordinate care. What important function does a case manager have?
- A. Provide early, thorough discharge planning.
- B. Make sure the client is administered medications.
- C. Provide care to the client who is terminally ill and has less than 6 months to live.
- D. Make home visits to see that the client is taken care of after discharge.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An important function of case managers is to provide early, thorough discharge planning. The case manager is not responsible for the administration of medications. Hospice care provides care to the client who is terminally ill. The case manager oversees the care of the clients while they are hospitalized. Referrals to community agencies and home healthcare will be made for home visits.
An older adult client is being transferred to another facility in order to continue physical therapy after having a total right hip replacement. What type of facility will provide skilled nursing and rehabilitative care for this client who will go home after the rehabilitation?
- A. Acute care facility
- B. Long-term acute care
- C. Skilled nursing care
- D. Intermediate care facility
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Skilled nursing care facilities provide skilled nursing and rehabilitative care to people who have the potential to regain function but need skilled observation and nursing care during an acute illness. Acute care facilities are for clients who have a higher level of acuity. Long-term acute care are for clients who require long-term wound care or ventilator support or who have other conditions that are potentially unstable but do not have rapid changes. Intermediate care facilities provide care for people who cannot care for themselves because of mental or physical disabilities.
Which of the following describes the role of the nurse as defined by Florence Nightingale?
- A. Helping people to carry out activities that contribute to health and recovery
- B. Putting clients in the best condition for nature to act upon them
- C. Diagnosing and treating human responses to actual or potential health problems
- D. Promoting a caring relationship that facilitates health and healing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Florence Nightingale (1859) described the role of the nurse as putting 'the patient in the best condition for nature to act upon him.' Virginia Henderson envisioned the nurse's role as helping people (sick or well) to carry out activities that contribute to health, recovery, or a peaceful death. The American Nurses Association (ANA) traditionally defined nursing as 'the diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual or potential health problems.' In response to an increased emphasis on the science of care, the ANA now acknowledges 'promotion of a caring relationship that facilitates health and healing' as one of the four essential features of contemporary nursing practice.
Freestanding apartments are an example of which type of alternative healthcare setting?
- A. Skilled nursing care
- B. Assisted living
- C. Congregate housing
- D. Boarding homes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Congregate housing provides independent living or minimal assistance for seniors or disabled adults. Skilled nursing care facilities provide skilled nursing and rehabilitative care to people who have the potential to regain function but need skilled observation and nursing care during an acute illness. Assisted living facilities provide care to residents who need assistance with up to three activities of daily living. Boarding homes are usually small homes with individual rooms where residents pay for room and board and minimal nursing services.