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The RN is assuming all of the care for a small group of clients, and an LPN is assigned to another group of clients with a lower acuity. What type of nursing is this considered?
- A. Total client care
- B. Team nursing
- C. Functional nursing
- D. Primary care nursing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Total client care refers to assignments in which a nurse assumes all the care for a small group of clients. Team nursing are teams made up of an RN team leader, other RNs, LPN/LVNs, and nursing assistants, and they provide care to a group of clients. Functional nursing is a task-oriented method of nursing. Primary care nursing is when an RN assumes 24-hour accountability for the client's care and has total responsibility for the nursing care of assigned clients during a shift.
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A client who is mentally disabled is working at an adult activity center. The client is unable to live independently, and the family member they are living with can no longer assist with supervised care. What option for living arrangements would be ideal for this person?
- A. Congregate housing
- B. Boarding home
- C. Long-term acute care facility
- D. Acute care facility
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Boarding homes usually are small homes with individual rooms where residents pay for room and board and minimal nursing services. Residents often share rooms, have a common dining area for all meals, and also oversee employment for disabled adults and provide a stable environment for those who cannot live independently. Congregate housing provides independent living for seniors or disabled adults who need minimal to no assistance. Long-term care facilities are for clients who require long-term wound care or ventilator support or who have other conditions that are potentially unstable but do not have rapid changes. Acute care facilities are for those clients who are of high illness acuity.
A client who is receiving respiratory support with a tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation after a stroke is being discharged from the acute care facility. Family members state that they will not be able to care for the client at home to provide the care that is required. What type of care may this client be a candidate for after discharge?
- A. Long-term acute care
- B. Subacute care
- C. Intermediate care facility
- D. Rehabilitation care
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clients who require ventilator support or who have other conditions that are potentially unstable but do not have rapid changes may receive care in a long-term acute care facility. Subacute care refers to care that is more intense than traditional long-term care but less intense than acute inpatient care. Intermediate care facilities (ICFs) are nursing homes that provide custodial care for people who cannot care for themselves because of mental or physical disabilities. Rehabilitation centers provide physical and occupational therapy to clients and families to help individuals regain as much independence with ADLs as possible.
The LPN is part of a group of nurses that has an RN team leader as well as another LPN and two nursing assistants who will be providing care to a group of clients. What type of nursing method is this considered?
- A. Functional nursing
- B. Total client care
- C. Case method
- D. Team nursing
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Team nursing is composed of an RN team leader, other RNs, LPN/LVNs, and nursing assistants who provide care to a group of clients. Functional nursing is a task-oriented method where everyone in the group is assigned to specific tasks. Case method is the same as private duty nursing. Total client care refers to assignments in which a nurse assumes all the care for a small group of clients.
Which nursing theorist stated that clients are open systems in constant interaction with their environment?
- A. Florence Nightingale
- B. Virginia Henderson
- C. Imogene King
- D. Dorothea Orem
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Imogene King stated that clients are open systems in constant interaction with their environment. Florence Nightingale described the role of the nurse as putting 'the patient in the best condition for nature to act upon him.' Virginia Henderson envisioned the nurse's role as helping people (sick or well) to carry out activities contributing to health, recovery, or a peaceful death that they would do for themselves if they had the necessary strength, will, or knowledge. Dorothea Orem was a proponent of the self-care deficit theory.
Which of the following describes the goal of alternative care facilities?
- A. An RN and one or more assistive personnel care for a group of clients.
- B. An RN assumes all care for a small group of clients.
- C. There is 24-hour accountability by an RN.
- D. The facility provides the least restrictive living arrangement.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The goal of alternative care facilities is to provide the least restrictive living arrangement while maintaining safety and quality. Patient-focused care uses an RN partnered with one or more assistive personnel to care for a group of clients. Total care refers to assignments in which a nurse assumes all the care for a small group of clients. In primary nursing, an RN assumes 24-hour accountability for the client's care and has total responsibility for the nursing care of assigned clients during the shift.