Nokea
An older client is diagnosed with osteoarthritis. Which of the following should the nurse encourage the client to do?
- A. Increase joint immobility to prevent pain.
- B. Use heat and cold therapy for pain management.
- C. Take aspirin in large doses for pain relief.
- D. Rest in bed for long periods of time.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Heat and cold therapy can help manage pain and stiffness in osteoarthritis, improving comfort and mobility.
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A 7-year-old child has been diagnosed with acute sinusitis. The drug class that should be avoided is:
- A. Antihistamines
- B. Expectorants
- C. Decongestants
- D. Nasal steroids
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antihistamines should be avoided in children with sinusitis, as they can dry secretions and worsen symptoms.
Risk factors for elder mistreatment include all except:
- A. Physical disability of patient
- B. Dementia of patient
- C. Caregiver burden
- D. Substance abuse of caregiver
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Financial independence of the caregiver is not a recognized risk factor for elder mistreatment.
A 17-year-old is diagnosed with mild bronchospasm. Which of the following would provide relief?
- A. Inhaled mometasone (Asmanex)
- B. Inhaled levalbuterol (Xopenex)
- C. Oral montelukast (Singulair)
- D. Oral dextromethorphan/guaifenesin product
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Levalbuterol is a fast-acting bronchodilator that provides relief from bronchospasm.
A woman is 11 weeks pregnant and has a maternity history of one full term vaginal delivery, a set of premature triplets delivered vaginally, and a first trimester abortion. Using her TPAL system to document her maternal status:
- A. Gravida 4 para 1114
- B. Gravida 4, para 1314
- C. Gravida 3, para 1114
- D. Gravida 3, para 1112
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: TPAL system: Gravida (pregnancies), Para (full-term, preterm, abortions, living children).
A common pathological finding in a patient with asthma is:
- A. Necrosis of small airways
- B. Absence of goblet cells
- C. Absence of ciliary regeneration
- D. Hypertrophy of smooth muscle
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Asthma is characterized by smooth muscle hypertrophy, airway remodeling, and inflammation.