Nokea
Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) nasal spray has been found to be useful in the management of enuresis in children. In which of the following situations is the drug especially beneficial?
- A. Daytime incontinence
- B. Hypertensive children with enuresis
- C. Secondary enuresis
- D. Sleepovers
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: DDAVP is especially beneficial for primary nocturnal enuresis, and may be used during situations like sleepovers.
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A patient arrives at the clinic appearing disheveled, with a flat affect and difficulty maintaining eye contact. Based on the general appearance assessment, which of the following conclusions might you draw?
- A. The patient is likely experiencing a physical illness.
- B. The patient may be suffering from a mental health issue.
- C. The patient is well-adjusted and healthy.
- D. The patient is simply tired.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A flat affect and difficulty maintaining eye contact are commonly associated with mental health issues, such as depression.
A 17-year-old is diagnosed with mild bronchospasm. Which of the following would provide relief?
- A. Inhaled mometasone (Asmanex)
- B. Inhaled levalbuterol (Xopenex)
- C. Oral montelukast (Singulair)
- D. Oral dextromethorphan/guaifenesin product
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Levalbuterol is a fast-acting bronchodilator that provides relief from bronchospasm.
An older client is diagnosed with osteoarthritis. Which of the following should the nurse encourage the client to do?
- A. Increase joint immobility to prevent pain.
- B. Use heat and cold therapy for pain management.
- C. Take aspirin in large doses for pain relief.
- D. Rest in bed for long periods of time.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Heat and cold therapy can help manage pain and stiffness in osteoarthritis, improving comfort and mobility.
Which one of the following is most true about aging changes?
- A. Stage 3 and 4 sleep decreases.
- B. Renal perfusion is not reduced, but renal function is reduced.
- C. Hearing acuity declines beginning in middle age.
- D. Prostatic enlargement occurs only in a minority of men.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aging leads to a decrease in the deeper stages of sleep (Stage 3 and 4).
A 74-year-old man who recently lost his spouse of 50 years in an auto accident tells the NP that "he has no purpose in this life":
- A. Have you told your family how you feel?
- B. Have you thought about hurting yourself?
- C. Are you taking your medication?
- D. Do you have any friends?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This is a key screening question to assess for suicidal ideation.