Nokea
An older man in a nursing home has high cholesterol (245 mg/dL). Which intervention helps him achieve the highest level of wellness?
- A. Instruct him about increasing dietary fiber.
- B. Ask the health care provider for a low-fat diet.
- C. Schedule a consultation for him with the dietitian.
- D. Review a menu with him to choose suitable foods.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because reviewing a menu with the older man allows for personalized food selection, taking into account his preferences and dietary restrictions. This approach promotes adherence to a healthy eating plan, leading to better cholesterol management and overall wellness.
Choice A is not the best option as simply instructing him to increase dietary fiber may not address his specific dietary needs. Choice B suggests asking the health care provider for a low-fat diet, which may not consider the individual's food preferences or cultural background. Choice C of scheduling a consultation with a dietitian is a good option, but it may not be as immediately accessible or practical as reviewing a menu together with the individual.
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A nurse caring for older adults must be aware of which consequences of ageism in language? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Reduced sense of self
- B. Poor nutritional intake
- C. Lowered sense of self-competence
- D. Decreased memory performance
Correct Answer: A, C, D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Reduced sense of self: Ageist language can contribute to older adults feeling devalued and less confident.
2. Lowered sense of self-competence: Negative language can impact self-esteem and belief in one's abilities.
3. Decreased memory performance: Ageist language can reinforce negative stereotypes, leading to self-doubt and cognitive decline.
Summary of incorrect choices:
B: Poor nutritional intake - Not directly related to consequences of ageism in language.
Incorrect choices do not address the psychological and emotional impacts of ageist language on older adults.
The nurse is performing an assessment on an older client. What would indicate a potential complication associated with the skin?
- A. Crusting
- B. Wrinkling
- C. Thinning/loss of elasticity
- D. Crusting
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crusting. Crusting on the skin of an older client can indicate a potential complication such as an infection or skin condition. It suggests that there may be an issue with the skin's integrity, leading to the formation of crusts. Wrinkling (B) and thinning/loss of elasticity (C) are common age-related changes and not necessarily indicative of a complication. Choice D is a duplicate of choice A, so it is incorrect. In summary, crusting is a sign of a potential skin complication, while the other choices are more likely to be normal age-related changes.
The nurse plans care for older adults who are in good health but isolated from their families. If the nurse's goal is to move the adults toward gerotranscendence, which intervention should the nurse use in the plan of care?
- A. Give a daily tea party for the group.
- B. Call each family to encourage visiting.
- C. Assist them to resume midlife patterns.
- D. Help each person with individual activities.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Help each person with individual activities. This intervention aligns with promoting gerotranscendence, as it focuses on supporting older adults in engaging in personal growth and reflection. By assisting individuals with meaningful activities tailored to their preferences and abilities, the nurse encourages self-discovery and personal fulfillment.
A: Giving a daily tea party for the group may foster social interaction but does not necessarily address individual growth or self-reflection.
B: Calling each family to encourage visiting may help reduce isolation but does not directly promote gerotranscendence.
C: Assisting them to resume midlife patterns may not be suitable as older adults may benefit more from exploring new activities and perspectives in their later years.
Mandatory retirement at age 65 years is consistent with which theory of aging?
- A. Role theory
- B. Disengagement theory
- C. Age-stratification theory
- D. Social exchange theory
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Disengagement theory. This theory suggests that as people age, they naturally withdraw or disengage from societal roles and responsibilities. Mandatory retirement at age 65 aligns with this theory as it reflects the societal expectation of older individuals stepping back from work roles. Role theory (A) focuses on how individuals adapt to various social roles throughout their lives, not specifically related to retirement. Age-stratification theory (C) emphasizes how age impacts societal structures and opportunities, not retirement policies. Social exchange theory (D) focuses on relationships and interactions based on the exchange of resources, not specifically related to retirement age policies.
Identify the Healthy People 2020 emerging issues in the health of older adults.
- A. Coordinating care for the older adult population
- B. Assisting older adults in the management of their own care
- C. Identifying levels of training for those caring for older adults
- D. Making community resources available for older adults
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Coordinating care for the older adult population. This is a key emerging issue in the health of older adults as it focuses on improving the integration and coordination of healthcare services to ensure comprehensive and efficient care delivery. This includes addressing the complex needs of older adults, promoting continuity of care, and enhancing communication among healthcare providers.
Rationale:
1. Coordinating care addresses the holistic needs of older adults.
2. It aims to prevent fragmented care and improve health outcomes.
3. Enhances collaboration among healthcare providers and community resources.
4. Promotes patient-centered care and improves quality of life for older adults.
Other Choices:
B: Assisting older adults in the management of their own care - While important, this focuses on individual responsibility rather than systemic coordination.
C: Identifying levels of training for those caring for older adults - Relevant but not a primary emerging issue in the health of older adults.
D: Making community resources available for older adults - Important, but