basic geriatric nursing 6th edition test bank

basic geriatric nursing 6th edition test bank Related

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In managing older adults with Alzheimer's disease, what is the most effective approach to improve quality of life?

  • A. Pharmacological management of behavioral symptoms only
  • B. Non-pharmacological interventions such as music therapy and structured routines
  • C. Complete physical immobilization to reduce confusion
  • D. Using sedatives to manage agitation
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most effective approach to improve quality of life in older adults with Alzheimer's disease is non-pharmacological interventions like music therapy and structured routines. This is because these interventions have been shown to reduce behavioral symptoms, enhance cognitive function, and promote overall well-being without the potential side effects of pharmacological treatments. Music therapy can help calm and stimulate memory recall, while structured routines provide predictability and familiarity, reducing confusion and agitation. Pharmacological management of behavioral symptoms alone may not address the root causes of the behaviors and can lead to adverse effects. Physical immobilization is harmful and can worsen cognitive decline. Sedatives can have detrimental effects on cognition and may increase the risk of falls and other complications. Therefore, non-pharmacological interventions are the most effective and holistic approach to enhancing the quality of life for older adults with Alzheimer's disease.

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Primary prevention for older adults includes:

Correct Answer:

Rationale: Correct Answer: Regular physical activity and healthy diet

Rationale:
1. Regular physical activity helps maintain cardiovascular health, muscle strength, and balance in older adults, reducing the risk of falls and chronic diseases.
2. A healthy diet provides essential nutrients for overall health and helps prevent conditions like obesity, diabetes, and heart disease.
3. Both components are key in primary prevention by promoting overall well-being, reducing the risk of age-related health issues, and enhancing quality of life.

Incorrect Choices:
A: Annual health screenings - While important for early detection, screenings alone do not prevent health issues.
B: Social isolation prevention programs - Important for mental health, but not primary prevention.
C: Routine medication management - Important for managing existing conditions, not primary prevention.
D: Memory enhancement exercises - Beneficial for cognitive health but not primary prevention for physical health issues in older adults.

What is the most common cause of delirium in hospitalized older adults?

  • A. Medication side effects
  • B. Sleep deprivation
  • C. Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
  • D. Electrolyte imbalances
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Urinary tract infections (UTIs). UTIs are a common cause of delirium in hospitalized older adults due to their impact on the central nervous system. UTIs can lead to systemic inflammation and affect cognitive function, resulting in delirium. Other choices like medication side effects, sleep deprivation, and electrolyte imbalances can contribute to delirium but are not as common or direct as UTIs in this population.

The nurse plans care for older adults who are in good health but isolated from their families. If the nurse's goal is to move the adults toward gerotranscendence, which intervention should the nurse use in the plan of care?

  • A. Give a daily tea party for the group.
  • B. Call each family to encourage visiting.
  • C. Assist them to resume midlife patterns.
  • D. Help each person with individual activities.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Help each person with individual activities. This intervention aligns with promoting gerotranscendence, as it focuses on supporting older adults in engaging in personal growth and reflection. By assisting individuals with meaningful activities tailored to their preferences and abilities, the nurse encourages self-discovery and personal fulfillment.

A: Giving a daily tea party for the group may foster social interaction but does not necessarily address individual growth or self-reflection.
B: Calling each family to encourage visiting may help reduce isolation but does not directly promote gerotranscendence.
C: Assisting them to resume midlife patterns may not be suitable as older adults may benefit more from exploring new activities and perspectives in their later years.

When assessing the health status of super-centenarians in a long-term care facility, which statement is most accurate regarding their general capabilities?

  • A. A significant number of super-centenarians are dependent on full-time nursing care for daily activities.
  • B. Many super-centenarians exhibit a high level of functional independence despite their advanced age.
  • C. The majority of super-centenarians are unable to engage in social activities due to health limitations.
  • D. Most super-centenarians experience severe cognitive decline that affects their daily living.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because super-centenarians, who are individuals aged 110 years or older, often exhibit a high level of functional independence despite their advanced age. This is supported by research showing that many super-centenarians maintain physical and cognitive abilities that allow them to perform daily activities without significant assistance. This statement aligns with the concept of successful aging, where individuals maintain autonomy and independence in later years.

Option A is incorrect because a significant number of super-centenarians are not dependent on full-time nursing care for daily activities. Option C is incorrect as many super-centenarians can still engage in social activities despite health limitations. Option D is incorrect as most super-centenarians do not experience severe cognitive decline that affects their daily living.

Intra-renal renal failure can be caused by all of the following conditions except______

  • A. certain aminoglycoside antibiotics
  • B. glomerulonephritis
  • C. kidney stones
  • D. diabetic or hypertensive nephrosclerosis
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: kidney stones. Intra-renal renal failure refers to damage within the kidney itself. Kidney stones mainly affect the urinary tract rather than directly causing damage within the kidney. A: certain aminoglycoside antibiotics can cause intra-renal renal failure by damaging the kidney tubules. B: glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidney, leading to intra-renal renal failure. D: diabetic or hypertensive nephrosclerosis can cause intra-renal renal failure due to long-term damage to the kidney's blood vessels and structures.

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