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An overweight woman is in the preparation stage of change. Which of the following interventions would be the most appropriate for the nurse to implement?
- A. Inform her of the health risks associated with being overweight
- B. Prepare her for the setbacks
- C. Develop a low-calorie/low-fat diet with her so she can follow it at home
- D. Praise her for her recent successes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the preparation stage, the woman is ready to make changes, so providing tools like a low-calorie diet plan helps facilitate action.
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A nurse is planning a home visit for a family. Which of the following actions would be most appropriate for the nurse to take?
- A. Study information regarding the family from agency records and other sources.
- B. Make a contract with the family that states specific goals and objectives.
- C. Identify how the home visit will be financed.
- D. Understand the situation from the family’s perspective.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Studying the family’s information helps the nurse prepare for the visit, ensuring that the interventions are relevant to the family’s specific needs.
When providing preoperative teaching for a client who will be undergoing total knee arthroplasty, the nurse asks the client questions to assess his understanding of the surgery. Which type of ethics is the nurse implementing?
- A. Duty-based ethics
- B. Normative ethics
- C. Metaethics
- D. Preventive ethics
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Preventive ethics aims to address ethical issues before they arise, ensuring informed consent and understanding.
Which of the following actions should parents take to help their teenager meet his developmental task?
- A. Set strict rules to prevent the teenager from getting into any trouble.
- B. Maintain an ongoing dialogue about important issues and upcoming challenges.
- C. Maintain a friendship with the teenager, so he views parents as peers.
- D. Be very lenient with the teenager so that he can figure out who he is as a person.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ongoing dialogue about challenges and listening to teenagers supports their development of a healthy identity.
A nurse assesses the cognitive-perceptual pattern of a Type 1 diabetic client. Which finding has implications for the individual’s nursing plan of care?
- A. Decreased sense of hearing
- B. Decreased sense of smell
- C. Decreased sense of taste
- D. Decreased visual acuity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Decreased visual acuity is critical for individuals with diabetes who need to administer insulin, so it directly affects the nursing plan.
A nurse is developing learning objectives for an individual who has been placed on a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet. Which is an example of an appropriately written cognitive learning objective?
- A. The individual will understand the importance of a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet
- B. The individual will correctly identify and purchase low-fat, low-cholesterol foods
- C. The individual will believe that his heart will benefit from a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet
- D. The individual will feel healthier if he follows a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cognitive learning focuses on the application of knowledge, and identifying and purchasing the correct foods shows this in action.