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An RN testifies at a trial where domestic violence is being investigated. She had previously assisted with specimen collection and had assessed the victim. The nurse is involved in nursing.
- A. triage
- B. forensic
- C. flight
- D. entrepreneurial
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: forensic. In this scenario, the nurse's involvement in specimen collection and assessment of the victim relates to forensic nursing, which involves providing healthcare in legal contexts like investigations and court proceedings. Triage (A) is the process of prioritizing patient care based on severity. Flight (C) and entrepreneurial (D) have no relevance to the situation described.
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The new director of nurses has instituted "walking rounds" on all nursing units, rather than the usual taped shift reports. A veteran nurse exclaims, "She doesn't know how we do things here!" The nurse is demonstrating:
- A. appeal to emotion.
- B. appeal to tradition.
- C. red herring.
- D. straw man.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: appeal to tradition. The veteran nurse is objecting to the change in practice solely because it deviates from the usual way of doing things. This demonstrates a reliance on tradition rather than considering the potential benefits of the new approach. The appeal to tradition fallacy assumes that something is better or correct simply because it is the traditional way.
Incorrect choices:
A: Appeal to emotion - This choice involves manipulating emotions to win an argument, which is not evident in the scenario.
C: Red herring - This choice involves diverting attention from the real issue, which is not the case in the scenario.
D: Straw man - This choice involves misrepresenting the opponent's argument to make it easier to attack, which is not demonstrated in the scenario.
A priority action for the nurse who works with culturally diverse clients is completion of a:
- A. sign language course.
- B. cultural self-assessment.
- C. cultural client assessment.
- D. continuing education course on how to speak Spanish.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: cultural self-assessment. This is important as it helps the nurse understand their own beliefs, values, and biases, which can impact how they interact with culturally diverse clients. By being self-aware, the nurse can better recognize and address any potential cultural misunderstandings or conflicts.
A: Taking a sign language course is not the priority as not all culturally diverse clients are deaf or use sign language.
C: While cultural client assessment is important, it is secondary to the nurse understanding their own cultural biases first.
D: Taking a course on how to speak Spanish is helpful but may not address the broader cultural competence needed to work with diverse clients.
What are general explanations that scholars use to explain, predict, control, and understand commonly occurring events?
- A. Theories
- B. Constructs
- C. Systems
- D. Propositions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Theories. Theories are comprehensive explanations that scholars use to understand commonly occurring events by organizing and explaining a set of principles or laws. Theories help in predicting and controlling events based on established frameworks. Constructs (B) refer to abstract concepts within theories, systems (C) are organized structures of elements, and propositions (D) are statements that describe relationships between concepts, but they do not provide the comprehensive explanations that theories do.
A nurse is assigned to a unit where 95% of all patients required total care. Most days the assistive personnel are able to complete their assignments and provide high-quality care. A patient returning from a procedure was somehow "skipped" when daily baths were performed and requests that her care now be provided. The nurse discovers the bed is rumpled and damp. The RN joins with some other staff to bathe the patient, change the bed, and help make the patient comfortable. These staff members are demonstrating:
- A. altruism.
- B. veracity.
- C. autonomy.
- D. whistle-blowing.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: altruism. Altruism is the selfless concern for the wellbeing of others, which is demonstrated by the staff members helping the patient in need without hesitation. In this scenario, the staff members are putting the patient's needs above their own, showing compassion and empathy. This aligns with the principle of altruism in nursing, where caregivers prioritize the welfare of their patients.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: Veracity refers to truthfulness and honesty. While these are important traits in nursing, they are not the focus of the staff members' actions in this scenario.
C: Autonomy is the right of individuals to make decisions about their own care. In this situation, the patient is not exercising autonomy, but rather relying on the staff for assistance.
D: Whistle-blowing involves reporting unethical or illegal behavior within an organization. There is no indication of any wrongdoing that would require whistle-blowing in this scenario.
Although the NCLEX-RN examination has new formats for questions, the most common format is the:
- A. fill-in-the-blank item because candidates are not provided with clues from distracters.
- B. multiple-choice question item, which allows candidates to select the one correct answer.
- C. multiple-response item because these questions require a higher level of critical thinking.
- D. hot-spot item because these questions are written at the application level of Bloom's analysis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: multiple-choice question item, which allows candidates to select the one correct answer. This is because the multiple-choice format is widely used in the NCLEX-RN examination as it is effective in assessing a candidate's knowledge, critical thinking skills, and ability to make decisions. The distractors in the answer choices provide clues and test the candidate's ability to differentiate between correct and incorrect information.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect:
A: fill-in-the-blank item is not the most common format for NCLEX-RN questions as candidates are indeed provided with clues from distractors in multiple-choice questions.
C: multiple-response item, although requiring critical thinking, is not the most common format on the NCLEX-RN exam.
D: hot-spot item is not the most common format on the NCLEX-RN exam, and it is not necessarily written at the application level of Bloom's analysis.