Nokea
Animals are composed primarily of what type of cell?
- A. Simple.
- B. Prokaryotic.
- C. Bacterial.
- D. Eukaryotic.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
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How many different types of nucleotides are there in DNA?
- A. one
- B. two
- C. four
- D. eight
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: four. DNA is composed of four different types of nucleotides: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). These nucleotides pair specifically (A with T and C with G) to form the double-stranded DNA structure.
How does a bacterium reproduce?
- A. Mitosis
- B. Meiosis
- C. Binary fission
- D. Cytokinesis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bacteria reproduce through binary fission, a process in which a single bacterium divides into two identical daughter cells. Mitosis and meiosis are processes specific to eukaryotic cells, not bacteria. Cytokinesis is the final step of the cell cycle where the cytoplasm divides, but it is not the primary reproductive method for bacteria.
Which of the following statements about antibiotics is not true?
- A. They can interfere with the bacteria's ability to survive
- B. They can affect how bacteria multiply
- C. They can cause more bacteria to grow
- D. They only work on bacteria
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antibiotics are medications used to treat bacterial infections by either killing the bacteria or inhibiting their growth. Options A and B correctly describe the mechanisms of action of antibiotics, making them true statements. Option C is incorrect as antibiotics are meant to reduce bacterial growth, not cause more bacteria to grow. Option D is also true as antibiotics specifically target bacterial infections and do not work on viruses or other pathogens.
How does water affect the temperature of a living thing?
- A. Water increases temperature.
- B. Water helps keep temperature stable.
- C. Water decreases temperature.
- D. Water does not affect temperature.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Water has a high specific heat capacity, meaning it can absorb and release a large amount of heat with minimal temperature change. This property allows water to regulate and stabilize the temperature of living things by absorbing excess heat or providing warmth when releasing stored heat. Therefore, choice B, 'Water helps keep temperature stable,' is the correct answer.
Which combination of cell cycle phase and descriptor is correct?
- A. S phase - the cell synthesizes DNA and doubles its cytoplasm
- B. G� phase - the amount of chromosomes is doubled
- C. GÄ‚‚ phase - the phase prior to the start of mitosis in which the cell continues to grow in size and make proteins
- D. Interphase - the cell increases in mass and number of organelles to prepare for cell division
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The GÄ‚‚ phase is the phase before mitosis within interphase where the cell grows in size and synthesizes proteins needed for cell division. Option A incorrectly describes the S phase, which is primarily for DNA synthesis. Option B is incorrect as the doubling of chromosomes does not occur in GÄ‚� phase. Option D is inaccurate because interphase encompasses GÄ‚�, S, and GÄ‚‚ phases, during which the cell prepares for division by increasing its mass and organelles, rather than specifically focusing on mitosis preparation.