Nokea
Another concern in the care of toddlers is toilet-training. Which of the following is the most important factor for a successful toilet-training?
- A. Age of the child
- B. Developmental readiness of the child
- C. Toilet-training at scheduled time
- D. Mother's flexibility for growth and development
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most important thing to consider during toilet training is the developmental readiness of the child this may include being able to sit, stand, walk, talk, keep dry for a few hours. Children usually show signs of readiness at about the age of 1 ?? years old.
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When assessing the development of a 15 month old child with cerebral palsy, which of the following milestones would the nurse expect a toddler of this age to have achieved?
- A. walking up steps
- B. using a spoon
- C. copying a circle
- D. putting a block in cup
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Delay in achieving developmental milestones is a characteristic of children with cerebral palsy. A 15 month old child can put a block in a cup.
All of the following are embryonic haemoglobin except-
- A. HbF
- B. HbA2
- C. Gower I
- D. Portland
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: HbA2 is an adult hemoglobin, not embryonic.
The pathophysiology of venous thrombosis is often explained by Virchow's triad... Based on Virchow's triad and your knowledge of risk factors for thrombosis, which of the following pediatric patients has the greatest risk of hospital-acquired venous thromboembolism?
- A. 3-day-old full-term infant admitted to hospital pediatrics for hyperbilirubinemia
- B. 6-month-old male admitted to the infectious disease unit for respiratory syncytial virus
- C. Ex-28 week premature infant, requiring NICU-level care for necrotizing enterocolitis
- D. 7-year-old male with acute lymphoblastic leukemia receiving maintenance chemotherapy admitted to hematology/oncology unit for fever and neutropenia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Premature infants have among the highest rates of venous thromboembolism (VTE). This patient requires intensive care and would have a central line in place as well as inflammation. The other patients do not requiring critical care, and the patients described in options A, B, and E would not have a central line in place, which is the most important risk factor for VTE in pediatrics, making C the correct answer.
An 18-month old boy presents with a primary testicular tumor. Without even seeing the slide, you bet your morning coffee that he has a:
- A. Pure seminoma
- B. Mature teratoma
- C. Immature teratoma
- D. Yolk sac tumor
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Yolk sac tumor is the most common testicular tumor in young boys.
Mario is 2 years old, brought to the Well Child Clinic for his regular visit. On physical exam, he had the following anthropometric measurements: Weight - 15 kgs, Height - 90 cms, Head Circumference - 48 cms. On developmental screening, he was able to do the following: could stand momentarily on one foot, draw a circle and imitate a cross, talk in simple sentences and tell a story. Mother claimed that he is dry by night. At 2 years of age, Mario had a height of 85 cms. How tall would he be when he becomes an adult?
- A. 4 feet 6 inches
- B. 5 feet
- C. 5 feet 6 inches
- D. 6 feet
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Height at 2 years (85 cm) is roughly half of adult height; doubling suggests ~170 cm (5'6'').