Nokea
Assessing a patient after intravenous morphine administration, the nurse notes cold, clammy skin; a pulse of 40 beats/min; respirations of 10 breaths/min; and constricted pupils. Which medication will the patient likely need next?
- A. Naloxone
- B. Meloxicam
- C. Pentazocine
- D. Propoxyphene
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient's symptoms—cold, clammy skin, bradycardia, respiratory depression, and constricted pupils—are classic signs of opioid overdose. Naloxone is the antidote for opioid overdose and should be administered immediately to reverse the life-threatening effects of morphine. Meloxicam, pentazocine, and propoxyphene are not appropriate in this situation. Nurses must recognize the signs of opioid toxicity and act quickly to administer naloxone, ensuring the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation are supported.
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A client is undergoing preparation for extensive colorectal surgery. Which of the following oral antibiotics should be administered to suppress normal flora in the GI tract?
- A. Kanamycin
- B. Gentamicin
- C. Neomycin
- D. Tobramycin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Neomycin. Neomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is administered orally before GI surgery to eliminate the normal flora in the large intestine. This helps reduce the risk of postoperative infections by decreasing the bacterial load in the gut. Choices A, B, and D (Kanamycin, Gentamicin, Tobramycin) are not typically used to suppress normal flora in the GI tract before colorectal surgery.
A healthcare professional is preparing to administer an IV antibiotic to a client who has a systemic infection. Which of the following actions should the professional take first?
- A. Administer an antihistamine prior to the antibiotic.
- B. Monitor the client's urine output.
- C. Check the client's allergy history.
- D. Assess the client's vital signs.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The first action the healthcare professional should take is to check the client's allergy history before administering the antibiotic to prevent a potential allergic reaction. It is crucial to identify any known allergies to antibiotics to ensure the client's safety and well-being. Administering an antihistamine prior to the antibiotic (Choice A) is not recommended unless an allergic reaction occurs. Monitoring the client's urine output (Choice B) and assessing the client's vital signs (Choice D) are important but not the first step in this situation. Checking the client's allergy history takes precedence to prevent adverse reactions.
A healthcare professional is preparing to administer Enoxaparin to a client. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take?
- A. Administer the medication orally.
- B. Massage the injection site after administration.
- C. Insert the needle at a 45- to 90-degree angle.
- D. Aspirate before injecting the medication.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Enoxaparin should be administered subcutaneously at a 45- to 90-degree angle. This angle ensures proper delivery of the medication. Massaging the injection site should be avoided to prevent bruising and possible tissue damage. Aspiration is not required for subcutaneous injections like Enoxaparin. Therefore, the correct action for administering Enoxaparin is to insert the needle at a 45- to 90-degree angle.
Which of the following should be monitored for patients taking diuretics? (select all that apply)
- A. Daily weight
- B. Intake and output
- C. Amount and location of edema
- D. Appetite
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A 55-year-old man with a 40 pack-year history of smoking develops agranulocytosis and some leukemic features. His physical examination of the heart, lungs, and abdomen are within normal limits. Should this disease relate to a potential toxic exposure, which of the following should be considered most likely?
- A. Benzene
- B. Ethylene alcohol
- C. Carbon tetrachloride
- D. Methanol
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.