Nokea
At a seminar for parents with preschool-age children, the nurse has discussed anticipatory tasks during the preschool years. Which statement by a parent should indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should be worried if my 4-year-old child has an increase in sexual curiosity because this is a sign of sexual abuse.
- B. I should expect my 5-year-old to change from a tranquil child to an aggressive child when school starts.
- C. I should be concerned if my 4-year-old child starts telling exaggerated stories and has an imaginary playmate, since these could be signs of stress.
- D. I should expect my 3-year-old child to have a more stable appetite and an increase in food selections.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A 3-year-old child exhibits a more stable appetite than during the toddler years and is more willing to try different foods. A 4-year-old child is imaginative and indulges in telling tall tales and may have an imaginary playmate; these are normal findings, not signs of stress. Also a 4-year-old child has an increasing curiosity in sexuality, which is not a sign of child abuse. A 5-year-old child is usually tranquil, not aggressive like a 4-year-old child.
You may also like to solve these questions
A boy age 4 1/2 years has been having increasingly frequent angry outbursts in preschool. He is aggressive toward the other children and the teachers. This behavior has been a problem for approximately 8 to 10 weeks. His parent asks the nurse for advice. What is the most appropriate intervention?
- A. Refer the child for a professional psychosocial assessment.
- B. Explain that this is normal in preschoolers, especially boys.
- C. Encourage the parent to try more consistent and firm discipline.
- D. Talk to the preschool teacher to obtain validation for behavior parent reports.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The preschool years are a time when children learn socially acceptable behavior. The difference between normal and problematic behavior is not the behavior but the severity, frequency, and duration. This childs behavior meets the definition requiring professional evaluation. Some aggressive behavior is within normal limits, but at 8 to 10 weeks, this behavior has persisted too long. There is no indication that the parent is using inconsistent discipline. A part of the evaluation is to obtain validation for behavior parent reports.
The parent of a 4-year-old boy tells the nurse that the child believes monsters and bogeymen are in his bedroom at night. What is the nurses best suggestion for coping with this problem?
- A. Let the child sleep with his parents.
- B. Keep a night light on in the childs bedroom.
- C. Help the child understand that these fears are illogical.
- D. Tell the child that monsters and bogeymen do not exist.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Involve the child in problem solving. A night light shows a child that imaginary creatures do not lurk in the darkness. Letting the child sleep with his parents will not get rid of the fears. A 4-year-old child is in the preconceptual stage and cannot understand logical thought.
According to Piaget, magical thinking is the belief of which?
- A. Thoughts are all powerful.
- B. God is an imaginary friend.
- C. Events have cause and effect.
- D. If the skin is broken, the insides will come out.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Because of their egocentrism and transductive reasoning, preschoolers believe that thoughts are all powerful. Believing God is an imaginary friend is an example of concrete thinking in a preschoolers spiritual development. Cause-and-effect implies logical thought, not magical thinking. Believing that if the skin is broken, the insides will come out is an example of concrete thinking in development of body image.
During a well-child visit, the father of a 4-year-old boy tells the nurse that he is not sure if his son is ready for kindergarten. The boys birthday is close to the cut-off date, and he has not attended preschool. What is the nurses best recommendation?
- A. Start kindergarten.
- B. Talk to other parents about readiness.
- C. Perform a developmental screening.
- D. Postpone kindergarten and go to preschool.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A developmental assessment with a screening tool that addresses cognitive, social, and physical milestones can help identify children who may need further assessment. A readiness assessment involves an evaluation of skill acquisition. Stating the child should start kindergarten or go to preschool and postpone kindergarten does not address the fathers concerns about readiness for school. Talking to other parents about readiness does not ascertain if the child is ready and does not address the fathers concerns.
The nurse is conducting an assessment of fine motor development in a 3-year-old child. Which is the expected drawing skill for this age?
- A. Can draw a complete stick figure
- B. Holds the instrument with the fist
- C. Can copy a triangle and diamond
- D. Can copy a circle and imitate a cross
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A 3-year-old child copies a circle and imitates a cross and vertical and horizontal lines. He or she holds the writing instrument with the fingers rather than the fist. A 3-year-old is not able to draw a complete stick figure but draws a circle, later adds facial features, and by age 5 or 6 years can draw several parts (head, arms, legs, body, and facial features). Copying a triangle and diamond are mastered sometime between ages 5 and 6 years.