Nokea
At her first prenatal visit, a woman relates that her maternal aunt has cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive illness. Which of the following comments is appropriate for the nurse to make at this time?
- A. We can check to see whether or not you are a carrier for cystic fibrosis.
- B. It is unnecessary for you to worry since your aunt is not a direct relation.
- C. You should have an amniocentesis to see whether or not your child has the disease.
- D. Please ask your mother whether she has ever had any symptoms of cystic fibrosis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Carrier testing can determine if the woman carries the CF gene.
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During a preconception consultation, a patient asks about factors affecting egg quality. What should the nurse explain?
- A. Age is the primary factor influencing egg quality.
- B. Diet has no impact on egg quality.
- C. Hormonal treatments guarantee improvement in egg quality.
- D. Exercise is the only way to enhance egg quality.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Age is the primary factor influencing egg quality. As a tutor, I will explain this by stating that the quality of a woman's eggs declines with age due to factors like genetic abnormalities and decreased mitochondrial function. This decline can affect fertility and increase the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in offspring.
For the incorrect choices:
B: Diet can impact egg quality by providing essential nutrients, so this choice is incorrect.
C: Hormonal treatments may help with fertility but do not guarantee improvement in egg quality, making this choice incorrect.
D: Exercise can contribute to overall health but is not the only way to enhance egg quality, making this choice incorrect.
In summary, age is a crucial factor affecting egg quality, while diet, hormonal treatments, and exercise play roles but are not primary influencers.
The nurse is creating a pedigree from a client's family history. Which of the following symbols should the nurse use to represent a female?
- A. Circle.
- B. Square.
- C. Triangle.
- D. Diamond.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In pedigrees, a circle represents a female.
A client is to undergo a postcoital test for infertility. The nurse should include which of the following statements in the client's preprocedure counseling?
- A. You will have the test the day after your menstruation ends.
- B. You will have a dye put into your vein that will show up on x-ray.
- C. You should refrain from having intercourse for the four days immediately prior to the test.
- D. You should experience the same sensations you feel when your doctor does your Pap test.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The postcoital test involves assessing cervical mucus after intercourse, similar to a Pap test.
What is the role of ovarian stimulation in fertility treatments?
- A. To suppress ovulation and preserve egg quality.
- B. To encourage the production of multiple eggs for retrieval.
- C. To eliminate the need for embryo freezing.
- D. To improve uterine lining thickness for implantation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Ovarian stimulation in fertility treatments aims to encourage the production of multiple eggs for retrieval, increasing the chances of successful fertilization and pregnancy. By stimulating the ovaries to produce multiple eggs, fertility specialists can select the healthiest eggs for fertilization. This process is crucial for individuals with infertility issues or those undergoing assisted reproductive technologies like in vitro fertilization (IVF).
Choice A is incorrect because ovarian stimulation does not aim to suppress ovulation but rather to enhance egg production. Choice C is incorrect because ovarian stimulation does not eliminate the need for embryo freezing; embryos may still need to be frozen for future use. Choice D is incorrect because ovarian stimulation does not directly target uterine lining thickness; it primarily focuses on egg production in the ovaries.
Assessment of a pregnant woman reveals that the presenting part of the fetus is at the level of the maternal ischial spines. The nurse documents this as which station?
- A. -2
- B. -1
- D. 1
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Zero (0) station is designated when the presenting part is at the level of the maternal ischial spines. Minus stations are used when the presenting part is above the ischial spines, and plus stations are used when the presenting part is below the ischial spines.