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At mealtime, the older adult seems to be eating less food than would be adequate. Compared to the younger adult, what is a requirement for the older adult?
- A. More fluids
- B. Less calcium
- C. Fewer calories
- D. More vitamins
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The older adult requires 30 calories per kilogram of body weight, whereas the younger adult requires 40 calories.
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The older patient informs the nurse that food has no taste and therefore the patient has no appetite. What is this most likely caused by?
- A. Tasteless food
- B. Overuse of salt
- C. Lack of variety
- D. Loss of taste buds
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Older adults may experience a loss of appetite. Change in taste as a result of decreased saliva production and a decreased number of taste buds may make food unappealing.
Which areas are affected only minimally by age?
- A. Physical activity
- B. Productivity
- C. Cognition
- D. Sexuality
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aging has little influence on cognition. Only through disease processes is cognition altered.
A change of aging related to the circulatory system includes decreased blood vessel elasticity. For what should the nurse assess?
- A. Confusion
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Hypertension
- D. Retained secretions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The blood vessels become less elastic because of aging and may lead to increased blood pressure.
What is the most common cause of dementia?
- A. Multi infarct
- B. Medications
- C. Alzheimer's disease
- D. Parkinson disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia.
The patient complains to the nurse about a newly developed intolerance to milk. What should the nurse suggest to fulfill calcium needs?
- A. Rye bread
- B. Yogurt
- C. Apples
- D. Raisins
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lactose, primarily found in milk, is a common source of food intolerance. Dairy products are an important source of calcium, which is needed to prevent osteoporosis. Lactose-intolerant individuals need to replace milk with cheese and yogurt, which are processed and digested more easily.