Nokea
At what point in life does a female begin her monthly ovarian cycle?
- A. At birth
- B. At puberty
- C. At middle age
- D. At menopause
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: At puberty. The monthly ovarian cycle, also known as the menstrual cycle, begins at puberty when a female's body matures and starts ovulating. This is typically around the age of 11-14. At birth (A), females already have all their eggs but do not start ovulating until puberty. Middle age (C) refers to the period around 40-65, which is not when the cycle begins. Menopause (D) is the cessation of the menstrual cycle, marking the end of reproductive years, typically around the age of 45-55.
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Which of the following assessments does a nurse obtain to ensure a thorough baseline history of a client?
- A. Age of menarche, the first menstruation
- B. Accident history
- C. Mother's past menstruation patterns
- D. Frequency of sexual activities
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The age of menarche is a critical piece of information for understanding a woman's reproductive health history.
Seven days after ovulation, pituitary secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) decreases rapidly. What is the cause of this decrease in secretion?
- A. The anterior pituitary gland becomes unresponsive to the stimulatory effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
- B. Estrogen from the developing follicles exerts a feedback inhibition on the hypothalamus
- C. The rise in body temperature inhibits hypothalamic release of GnRH
- D. Secretion of estrogen and progesterone by the corpus luteum suppresses hypothalamic secretion of GnRH and pituitary secretion of LH
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: After ovulation, the follicle transforms into the corpus luteum.
Step 2: The corpus luteum secretes estrogen and progesterone.
Step 3: Estrogen and progesterone exert negative feedback on the hypothalamus.
Step 4: This inhibits the secretion of GnRH from the hypothalamus.
Step 5: Decreased GnRH leads to reduced LH secretion from the pituitary.
Therefore, the correct answer is D because the secretion of estrogen and progesterone by the corpus luteum suppresses the hypothalamic secretion of GnRH, resulting in decreased pituitary LH secretion.
Summary:
A: Incorrect. The anterior pituitary gland's responsiveness to GnRH is not the cause of the decrease in LH secretion.
B: Incorrect. Estrogen exerts negative feedback on the hypothalamus, not the pituitary.
C: Incorrect. Rise in body temperature does not directly inhibit GnRH secretion
A client with the herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) undergoes a viral shedding. Which of the following statements is true when caring for a client with HSV-2?
- A. An outbreak of the HSV-2 infection is often self-limiting and hence a treatment may be unnecessary.
- B. Clients don't seek treatment because of embarrassment.
- C. Healthcare providers and laboratories are not required by law to report.
- D. Reporting is up to the client, not the provider.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: HSV-2 outbreaks are often self-limiting, though antiviral medications can help manage symptoms.
Mrs. Smith asks if she will look 'normal' in clothes again and about the possibility of having reconstructive surgery. The most appropriate response would be
- A. explaining that reconstructive surgery is still experimental
- B. telling her that an external breast prosthesis is safer
- C. supporting her in her efforts to gain more information about her options
- D. telling her she would probably not be a candidate for reconstructive surgery
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Supporting the patient in gaining more information empowers her decision-making process.
Each menstrual cycle is considered as a period of ________
- A. 28 days
- B. 30 days
- C. 42 days
- D. 14 days
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 28 days because the average menstrual cycle length is typically around 28 days, although it can vary. The menstrual cycle consists of different phases such as menstruation, follicular phase, ovulation, and luteal phase, which collectively last around 28 days on average. Choice B (30 days), C (42 days), and D (14 days) are incorrect because they do not represent the typical duration of a menstrual cycle. It's important to note that individual variations in cycle length are common, but 28 days is considered a standard reference point.