Nokea
Sella turcica is a __________ in the sphenoid bone in which
- B. Groove
- C. Projection
- D. Depression
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Depression. Sella turcica is a saddle-shaped depression in the sphenoid bone that houses the pituitary gland. It is not a groove (B) as it is a deeper concavity. It is not a projection (C) as it is a recessed area rather than a raised structure. It is not a foramen (A) as it is a hollowed-out area rather than a small opening. Therefore, the most accurate description of sella turcica is a depression in the sphenoid bone.
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From fertilization to week 8 of proliferative phase of the uterine pregnancy, the conceptus is called (menstrual) cycle? ________.
- A. estrogens
- B. a fetus
- C. progesterones
- D. an embryo
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: an embryo. From fertilization to week 8 of the proliferative phase of uterine pregnancy, the conceptus is referred to as an embryo. This is because during this period, the fertilized egg undergoes rapid cell division and differentiation, leading to the formation of distinct embryonic structures and the beginning of organ development. The term "fetus" is used after the embryonic stage, typically from week 9 onwards. Choices A and C, estrogens and progesterones respectively, are hormones involved in regulating the menstrual cycle and maintaining pregnancy but are not terms used to describe the developing conceptus itself during this specific timeframe.
A newborn infant obtains maternal antibodies from the mother's
- A. laguno.
- B. colostrum.
- C. rubell
- D. placent
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: colostrum. Colostrum is the first milk produced by the mother after giving birth. It is rich in antibodies, providing passive immunity to the newborn. This helps protect the infant from infections until its own immune system fully develops.
A: laguno - Not a substance related to maternal antibodies.
C: rubell - Incorrect spelling and not relevant to maternal antibodies.
D: placent - While the placenta does provide nutrients and oxygen to the fetus, it is not the source of maternal antibodies transferred to the newborn.
The pregnancy period is:
- A. 120 days;
- B. nine weeks;
- C. 280 weeks;
- D. 280 days;
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 280 days. The pregnancy period, also known as gestation, typically lasts around 280 days from the first day of the last menstrual period to the birth of the baby. This duration is calculated based on the average length of a full-term pregnancy, which is approximately 40 weeks. It is important to note that individual pregnancies may vary slightly in duration, but the standard reference is 280 days.
Explanation of other choices:
A: 120 days - This is too short for a full-term pregnancy.
B: Nine weeks - This is only around 63 days, which is far less than the average gestation period.
C: 280 weeks - This is equivalent to around 1960 days, which is much longer than a typical pregnancy duration.
The spermatic cord houses the
- A. testosterone production ________.
- B. ovum fertilization
- C. urethra
- D. sperm production
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: sperm production. The spermatic cord houses the structures that support and transport sperm, including the vas deferens, blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics. It does not produce testosterone (A), facilitate ovum fertilization (B), or contain the urethra (C). Sperm production occurs in the testes, while the spermatic cord provides the pathway for the sperm to travel from the testes to the urethra for ejaculation.
With respect to ejaculation which of the following statements is incorrect.
- A. ejaculation is the result of para-sympathetic stimulation
- B. ejaculation results from the summation of synaptic potentials
- C. during ejaculation semen is expelled by rapid contraction of the urethral smooth muscle
- D. ejaculation results is the discharge of sperm, seminal vesicle and prostatic secretions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because ejaculation is primarily controlled by the sympathetic nervous system, not the para-sympathetic system. The sympathetic nervous system triggers the contraction of smooth muscles to allow for ejaculation. Choice B is incorrect because ejaculation is not a result of summation of synaptic potentials, but rather a coordinated response. Choice C is incorrect because semen is expelled by rhythmic contractions of the pelvic floor muscles, not the urethral smooth muscle. Choice D is incorrect because ejaculation involves the discharge of sperm, seminal vesicle, prostatic secretions, and other fluids from the reproductive system.