Nokea
At what point in prenatal development do the lungs begin to produce surfactant?
- A. 17 weeks
- B. 20 weeks
- C. 25 weeks
- D. 30 weeks
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During week 25, the alveoli begin to produce surfactant, which enables the alveoli to stay open for adequate lung oxygenation to occur.
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What is the purpose of the Leopold's maneuver in labor and delivery?
- A. to assess fetal presentation and position
- B. to assess fetal position and the location of the placenta
- C. to assess uterine tone and fetal heart rate
- D. to assess the fetal heart rate pattern
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The purpose of Leopold's maneuver in labor and delivery is to assess fetal presentation and position. Step 1 evaluates the fundal grip to determine the fetal part. Step 2 assesses the sides of the abdomen to identify the fetal back. Step 3 determines the presenting part and position. Step 4 confirms the presenting part and its mobility. This systematic approach helps determine the position of the fetus in the uterus. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the specific purpose of Leopold's maneuver, which is primarily focused on assessing fetal presentation and position.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is 32 weeks pregnant and is concerned about gestational diabetes. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. Gestational diabetes is usually temporary and will resolve after delivery.
- B. Gestational diabetes increases the risk of the baby developing diabetes later in life.
- C. You can control gestational diabetes with regular exercise and a healthy diet.
- D. Gestational diabetes is rare and typically does not require treatment.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "You can control gestational diabetes with regular exercise and a healthy diet." This is the most appropriate statement because managing gestational diabetes through lifestyle modifications like regular exercise and a healthy diet is a key component of treatment. By controlling blood sugar levels through these methods, complications for both the mother and baby can be reduced.
Choice A is incorrect because gestational diabetes may not always resolve after delivery and can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the future. Choice B is incorrect as it confuses the risk of the baby developing diabetes with the mother's condition. Choice D is incorrect as gestational diabetes is not rare and requires monitoring and sometimes treatment to manage effectively.
A nurse is preparing a laboring person for an epidural. What is the most important nursing action before the procedure?
- A. ensure informed consent is signed
- B. administer pain medication
- C. administer IV fluids
- D. administer an analgesic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: ensure informed consent is signed. Before any procedure, obtaining informed consent is essential to ensure the laboring person understands the risks, benefits, and alternatives of the epidural. This helps promote autonomy and respect for the individual's decision-making. Administering pain medication (choice B), IV fluids (choice C), or an analgesic (choice D) without informed consent is not ethical and violates the principle of autonomy. The focus should be on providing comprehensive information and obtaining consent before proceeding with the intervention.
A nurse is working in the prenatal clinic. Which of the following findings seen in third-trimester pregnant women would the nurse consider to be within normal limits?
- A. Leg cramps.
- B. Varicose veins.
- C. Hemorrhoids.
- D. Fainting spells.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Leg cramps, varicose veins, and hemorrhoids are common complaints during pregnancy due to increased blood volume and pressure on the lower extremities. Fainting spells are not considered normal and may indicate an underlying issue.
The vessels comprising the umbilical cord are cushioned and protected by a substance called _____________ _____________.
- A. Wharton’s jelly
- B. Endoderm
- C. jelly
- D. haploid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Wharton’s jelly is a gelatinous substance surrounding the blood vessels in the umbilical cord. It cushions and protects the vessels from compression and damage during pregnancy.