Nursing Care of Children Final ATI

Nursing Care of Children Final ATI Related

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At what stage can infants raise their heads and gain control of their trunks before walking due to which directional pattern of development?

  • A. Cephalocaudal
  • B. Anterior to posterior
  • C. Proximodistal
  • D. Normal growth curve charts
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cephalocaudal. The cephalocaudal pattern of development means that growth and motor control proceed from the head downward through the body. This explains why infants can raise their heads before they can sit and gain control of their trunks before walking. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Anterior to posterior refers to development from the front to the back, while proximodistal refers to development from the center of the body outward. Normal growth curve charts are used to track physical growth over time and are not directly related to the directional pattern of development in infants.

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A child has a planned hospitalization in a few weeks, and the client and family appear very stressed. Which nursing action will minimize their stress?

  • A. Telling the client and family that everything will be fine
  • B. Explaining how the child will benefit from the surgery
  • C. Telling the client and family that the surgeon is very good
  • D. Giving a tour of the hospital unit or surgical area
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct nursing action to minimize the stress of the child and family is giving a tour of the hospital unit or surgical area. Familiarizing them with the hospital environment can help reduce their anxiety by allowing them to see where the child will be staying and the surroundings. Choices A, B, and C do not directly address the need to reduce stress by providing a tangible way to alleviate anxiety through exposure to the hospital setting.

A 5-year-old is hospitalized with a fractured femur. Which pain assessment tool is appropriate for this child?

  • A. CRIES Scale
  • B. Faces Pain Rating Scale
  • C. SUN Scale
  • D. NIPS Scale
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The Faces Pain Rating Scale is appropriate for assessing pain in children who can express their feelings visually. For a 5-year-old child who can communicate effectively, using a tool like the Faces Pain Rating Scale, which uses facial expressions to indicate pain levels, is more suitable than the CRIES Scale (used for neonates), the SUN Scale (used for infants), or the NIPS Scale (used for preterm and term newborns).

The nurse is reviewing the Healthy People 2020 leading health indicators for a child health promotion program. Which are included in the leading health indicators? (Select all that apply.)

  • A. Decrease tobacco use
  • B. Improve immunization rates
  • C. All are applicable
  • D. Increase access to health care
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Healthy People 2020 focuses on decreasing tobacco use, improving immunization rates, and increasing access to healthcare among its leading health indicators.

The nurse is aware that which age group is at risk for childhood injury because of the cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking?

  • A. Preschool
  • B. Young school age
  • C. Middle school age
  • D. Adolescent
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Preschool children are at higher risk for injury due to magical and egocentric thinking, which can lead to misjudgments about their abilities and dangers.

An adolescent patient wants to make decisions about treatment options, along with his parents. Which moral value is the nurse displaying when supporting the adolescent to make decisions?

  • A. Justice
  • B. Autonomy
  • C. Beneficence
  • D. Nonmaleficence
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Supporting an adolescent in making decisions about their care reflects the moral value of autonomy, emphasizing the importance of respecting the patient's right to make informed choices.

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