Nokea
At which age should the nurse expect an infant to begin smiling in response to pleasurable stimuli?
- A. 1 month
- B. 2 months
- C. 3 months
- D. 4 months
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the school-age child is in which stage?
- A. Industry vs. inferiority
- B. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
- C. Identity vs. role diffusion
- D. Trust vs. mistrust
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Industry vs. inferiority.' According to Erikson's theory, school-age children (approximately 6-12 years old) are in the stage of industry vs. inferiority. In this stage, children focus on developing a sense of competence and productivity. Choice B, 'Autonomy vs. shame and doubt,' is incorrect as it refers to the stage that occurs during early childhood (1-3 years old). Choice C, 'Identity vs. role diffusion,' pertains to adolescence (12-18 years old). Choice D, 'Trust vs. mistrust,' is related to the stage of infancy (0-1 year old). Therefore, option A is the most appropriate stage for school-age children in Erikson's theory.
A new dad is concerned about his toddler's play patterns. The nurse informs him that ____________ play is normally exhibited by toddlers:
- A. Associative
- B. Team
- C. Solitary
- D. Parallel
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Parallel.' Parallel play is a common play pattern observed in toddlers where they play alongside each other without direct interaction. This type of play allows toddlers to observe and mimic each other's actions, aiding in their social development. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Associative play involves some interaction between children, team play involves organized group activities, and solitary play is when a child plays alone, all of which are not typically exhibited by toddlers during play.
At which age does an infant start to recognize familiar faces and objects, such as his or her own hand?
- A. 1 month
- B. 2 months
- C. 3 months
- D. 4 months
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Which inpatient pediatric patient would not be able to go to the playroom due to their physical condition?
- A. A 4-year-old with chickenpox
- B. A 12-year-old with a fractured femur
- C. A 7-year-old with new-onset diabetes mellitus
- D. A 10-year-old postoperative appendectomy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. A child with chickenpox should not go to the playroom due to being contagious, as the virus can easily spread to other children. Children with fractures (choice B), new-onset diabetes mellitus (choice C), or postoperative appendectomy (choice D) do not pose a risk of spreading an infectious disease, so they can safely go to the playroom.
What is a common significant side effect of opioid administration?
- A. Euphoria
- B. Diuresis
- C. Constipation
- D. Allergic reactions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Constipation is one of the most common side effects of opioid administration due to the slowing down of gastrointestinal motility. Opioids affect the bowel movements, leading to constipation. Euphoria, while a possible effect, is less common than constipation. Diuresis is not a typical side effect of opioids; instead, urinary retention may occur. Allergic reactions are rare side effects of opioids, with symptoms such as rash, itching, or anaphylaxis.