Nokea
Autism screening is recommended for all children at age of
- A. 12 to 18 months
- B. 18 to 24 months
- C. 24 to 36 months
- D. 36 to 48 months
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Autism screening is recommended between 18 and 24 months.
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the characteristic symptoms of nephrosis in children is:
- A. dyspnea, albuminuria and weight loss
- B. hematuria, hyperlipedemia and proteinuria
- C. albuminuria, hypoproteinemia and edema
- D. hypertension, hematuria and malnutrition
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nephrosis in children is also known as nephrotic syndrome, which is characterized by the presence of albuminuria (loss of protein in the urine), hypoproteinemia (low levels of protein in the blood), and edema (swelling due to fluid retention). This condition results from damage to the filters in the kidneys, leading to increased permeability and loss of protein in the urine. The classic triad of symptoms in nephrotic syndrome includes proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema. Other symptoms may include weight gain, frothy urine, and susceptibility to infections. Hematuria, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension are not typical features of nephrotic syndrome in children.
A 90 y.o. nursing home resident with stage 2 Alzheimer's disease is found alone and crying in the dining room. She says she lost her mother and doesn't know what to do. Which response by the nurse will help calm the resident?
- A. "Remember your mother has been dead for 30 years. You forgot again, didn't you?"
- B. "I'm sorry you lost your mother; let's go and try to find her."
- C. "Are you feeling frightened? I'm here and I will help you."
- D. "You are 90 years old. It is impossible for your mother to still be living. I know if you try, you can figure out what to do."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Option C, "Are you feeling frightened? I'm here and I will help you," is the most appropriate response to help calm the resident. The resident is experiencing confusion and distress, likely due to her Alzheimer's disease. Invalidating her feelings by reminding her of the reality may lead to more confusion and distress. Instead, acknowledging the resident's emotions, offering support, and reassuring her of your presence can help calm her down and provide comfort in the moment. It is important to provide emotional support and reassurance to individuals with Alzheimer's disease, rather than focusing on correcting their statements or reminding them of reality.
A 3-year-old with croup has the following vital signs: HR 90, RR 44, BP 100/52, T 98.8°F. The parents ask if these are normal. The nurse's best response is:
- A. Your son's blood pressure is elevated.
- B. Your son's temperature is elevated.
- C. Your son's respiratory rate is elevated; a normal rate for his age is 20-30 breaths per minute.
- D. Your son's heart rate is elevated.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The elevated respiratory rate is concerning since normal for a 3- to 6-year-old is about 20-30 breaths per minute.
A 3-year-old with croup has the following vital signs: HR 90, RR 44, BP 100/52, T 98.8°F. The parents ask if these are normal. The nurse's best response is:
- A. Your son's blood pressure is elevated.
- B. Your son's temperature is elevated.
- C. Your son's respiratory rate is elevated; a normal rate for his age is 20-30 breaths per minute.
- D. Your son's heart rate is elevated.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The elevated respiratory rate is concerning since normal for a 3- to 6-year-old is about 20-30 breaths per minute.
Tiffany is diagnosed with increased intracranial pressure (ICP); which of the following if stated by her parents would indicate a need for Nurse Charlie to reexplain the purpose for elevating the head of the bed at a 10 to 20-degree angle?
- A. Help alleviate headache
- B. Increase intrathoracic pressure
- C. Maintain neutral position
- D. Reduce intra-abdominal pressure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed at a 10 to 20-degree angle helps to increase intrathoracic pressure. This increase in pressure can aid in promoting cerebrospinal fluid drainage and reducing intracranial pressure. It is important to maintain the correct angle to achieve the desired effect and avoid potential complications. If Tiffany's parents mention this as the reason for elevating the bed, Nurse Charlie should reexplain the purpose to ensure they understand the intended outcome.