Nokea
Bandura (1997) defined collective efficacy as:
- A. A group's shared belief in its conjoint capabilities to organise and execute the course of action required to produce given levels of attainments
- B. A group's belief in its capabilities to beat others
- C. A group's ability to be successful
- D. A group's belief in the ability of the team's most successful player
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Collective efficacy (Bandura, 1997) is a group's shared belief in its collective capabilities.
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The child's ability to understand others' emotions develops during
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Empathy and perspective-taking mature in the concrete operational stage (Piaget).
Language is an unavoidable barrier for many patients in the U.S. What role do ad hoc interpreters play in bridging the language gap?
- A. Ad hoc interpreters may be helpful, but they lack the clinical foundation and experience of trained medical interpreters
- B. Ad hoc interpreters make invaluable contributions to patient care
- C. Ad hoc interpreters are economical and convenient for physicians and patients
- D. Ad hoc interpreters offer little help in communicating with patients
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ad hoc interpreters can assist but lack the precision and training of medical interpreters.
You are caring for an acute care adult client in the medical unit who has no history of a psychiatric mental health disorder. This 76 year old client has suddenly and abruptly started to exhibit episodic and intermittent periods of time vacillating between periods of impaired cognition and periods of mental clarity. The client reports to you that they are seeing clowns in their room. This client is dehydrated and has just begun taking an anticholinergic medication. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client?
- A. Psychotic symptoms related to sensory overload
- B. Psychotic symptoms related to a previously undiagnosed psychosis
- C. Visual disturbances related to dementia
- D. Visual disturbances related to delirium
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Delirium (D) fits sudden onset with dehydration and medication factors.
The greatest health benefits occur when sedentary individuals incorporate which of the following levels of exercise as part of their lifestyle?
- A. All levels of exercise offer similar benefit, as long as they are carried out daily
- B. Low-intensity exercise
- C. Moderate-intensity exercise
- D. High-intensity exercise
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Moderate-intensity exercise offers significant benefits with manageable effort for sedentary individuals.
The theorist who believes human behavior is learned through consequences is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. B.F. Skinner
- D. Albert Bandura
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Skinner's operant conditioning ties behavior to consequences.